Psychophysical measures of visual function and everyday perceptual experience in a case of congenital stationary night blindness.
Psychophysical measures of visual function and everyday perceptual experience in a case of congenital stationary night blindness.
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DOI：
10.2147/opth.s99593
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stockman A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cammack J;Whight J;Cross V;Rider AT;Webster AR;Stockman A
了解视觉缺陷的实验室测量与日常知觉体验之间的关系对于理解视觉状况对患者的影响以及更全面地描述该疾病至关重要。本研究旨在更好地了解先天性静止性夜盲症患者感知改变的感官信息的解释过程，以及为应对可测量的视力丧失而设计的适应性策略。对一名患有这种疾病的 78 岁男性患者进行了时间分辨率、光谱敏感性和颜色辨别的心理物理学测量，并详细采访了他的诊断对他日常生活的影响。采用叙事分析来确定他的主观感知体验与视觉系统可识别组件的功能缺陷之间的关系。心理物理学测量表明，视杆细胞完全缺乏知觉，视锥细胞敏感性显着降低。在采访中出现了这种视力丧失的两个特殊影响：1）依赖光反射和点光源的导航技术的发展；2）不愿透露视力丧失的程度以及由此产生的终生心理社会后果。这项研究表明，丰富的描述性患者证词与实验室和临床测量相结合，可以发挥宝贵的补充作用，可以更全面地描述疾病特征，并更全面地了解视力丧失的经历。它还证明了电影制作技术作为获取和传达患者主观体验的一种手段的特殊适用性。
An appreciation of the relation between laboratory measures of visual deficit and everyday perceptual experience is fundamental to understanding the impact of a visual condition on patients and so to a fuller characterization of the disorder. This study aims to understand better the interpretative processes by which modified sensory information is perceived by a patient with congenital stationary night blindness and the adaptive strategies that are devised to deal with their measurable visual loss. Psychophysical measurements of temporal resolution, spectral sensitivity, and color discrimination were conducted on a 78-year-old male patient with the condition, who was also interviewed at length about the ways in which his diagnosis affected his daily life. Narrative analysis was employed to identify the relation between his subjective perceptual experiences and functional deficits in identifiable components of the visual system. Psychophysical measurements indicated a complete lack of rod perception and substantially reduced cone sensitivity. Two particular effects of this visual loss emerged during interviews: 1) the development of navigational techniques that relied on light reflections and point sources of light and 2) a reluctance to disclose the extent of visual loss and resulting lifelong psychosocial consequences. This study demonstrates the valuable complementary role that rich descriptive patient testimony can play, in conjunction with laboratory and clinical measurements, in more fully characterizing a disorder and in reaching a more complete understanding of the experience of vision loss. It also evidences the particular suitability of filmmaking techniques as a means of accessing and communicating subjective patient experience.