Running on time: the role of circadian clocks in the musculoskeletal system.
Running on time: the role of circadian clocks in the musculoskeletal system.
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DOI：
10.1042/bj20140700
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Meng QJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dudek M;Meng QJ
昼夜循环控制着动物和人类活动和休息的昼夜节律（24小时）。这反映在全球基因表达模式和代谢的日常变化中，也反映在各种组织的局部生理学中。大脑中的中央时钟协调有节奏的运动行为，以及同步各种局部振荡器，如肌肉骨骼系统中的振荡器。越来越多的人认识到，细胞内部的分子钟允许组织预测其局部环境的节律变化和该组织的特定需求。因此，大多数节律时钟控制的基因和途径是组织特异性的。生物钟的组织特异性功能的概念进一步得到了具有各种核心时钟组分缺失或突变的小鼠中的多种肌肉骨骼表型的支持，这些表型包括骨量增加、侏儒症、关节病、肌肉强度降低和肌腱钙化。本文综述了目前对肌肉、骨、软骨和肌腱组织中生物钟的认识，特别关注生物钟在组织生理学中的证据、其夹带机制和疾病联系，以及组织特异性生物钟靶基因/通路。这一领域的研究具有很大的潜力，可以促进我们对昼夜节律如何控制肌肉骨骼组织的健康和疾病的理解，这对与年龄增长相关的疾病具有重要意义。它也可能对运动表现和运动医学产生潜在的影响。
The night and day cycle governs the circadian (24 hourly) rhythm of activity and rest in animals and humans. This is reflected in daily changes of the global gene expression pattern and metabolism, but also in the local physiology of various tissues. A central clock in the brain co-ordinates the rhythmic locomotion behaviour, as well as synchronizing various local oscillators, such as those found in the musculoskeletal system. It has become increasingly recognized that the internal molecular clocks in cells allow a tissue to anticipate the rhythmic changes in their local environment and the specific demands of that tissue. Consequently, the majority of the rhythmic clock controlled genes and pathways are tissue specific. The concept of the tissue-specific function of circadian clocks is further supported by the diverse musculoskeletal phenotypes in mice with deletions or mutations of various core clock components, ranging from increased bone mass, dwarfism, arthropathy, reduced muscle strength and tendon calcification. The present review summarizes the current understanding of the circadian clocks in muscle, bone, cartilage and tendon tissues, with particular focus on the evidence of circadian rhythms in tissue physiology, their entrainment mechanisms and disease links, and the tissue-specific clock target genes/pathways. Research in this area holds strong potential to advance our understanding of how circadian rhythms control the health and disease of the musculoskeletal tissues, which has major implications in diseases associated with advancing age. It could also have potential implications in sports performance and sports medicine.