Perch use by broiler breeders and its implication on health and production
Perch use by broiler breeders and its implication on health and production
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DOI：
10.3382/ps/pex189
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Wurbel, H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gebhardt-Henrich, S. G.;Toscano, M. J.;Wurbel, H.
肉鸡饲养者通常没有栖息，尽管栖息已被证明是蛋鸡的优先行为。我们研究了肉鸡养殖者是否在夜间使用不同长度的高架栖木，以及栖木对健康和生产的影响。使用Ross 308杂交，在交叉设计中为每只鸟提供4个不同的栖息空间（5、10、14和20厘米）的围栏与没有栖息空间的围栏进行了比较。制作期间共录得7次午夜栖鸟数目。在45周时评估母鸡龙骨骨折、乳房水泡、足皮炎和羽毛质量的患病率，并每天监测母鸡的产量。为了确定对后代的后续影响，饲养了有和没有栖木的母鸡的小鸡，并评估了它们的生长速度。分析发现，当每只雏鸡的栖木长度为14 cm时，雏鸡夜间栖息的数量多于可用栖木长度较少的雏鸡（P = 0.0005），但每只雏鸡的栖木长度在14 cm和20 cm之间没有差异。随年龄增长，鲈鱼的利用率从50% ~ 20%下降（P < 0.0001）。卵数和孵化率不受处理的影响。在高温期间，有栖木的围栏死亡率较低（P = 0.001）。1/4的母鸡出现龙骨骨折，不受栖木存在的影响。母本处理对雏鸡生长无明显影响。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，肉鸡养殖者选择栖息的栖木是根据它们的年龄而定的，并且不会影响生产。
Broiler breeders are commonly kept without perches, although perching has been shown to be a high-priority behavior in laying hens. We studied whether broiler breeders used elevated perches of different lengths during the night and how access to perches affected health and production. Using the Ross 308 hybrid, pens offering 4 different perch spaces per bird (5, 10, 14, and 20 cm) in a cross-over design were compared with pens without perches. The number of birds on perches at midnight were recorded 7 times during production. Prevalence of keel bone fractures, breast blisters, pododermatitis, and plumage quality of hens was assessed at 45 wk, and production was monitored daily. To determine subsequent effects on offspring, chicks from hens with and without perches were reared and their growth rate was assessed. Analysis found more broiler breeders perched at night when 14 cm perch length per bird was provided than with less available perch length (P = 0.0005), but there was no difference between 14 and 20 cm per bird. Perch use declined with age from about 50 to 20% (P < 0.0001). The number of eggs and hatchability were not affected by treatment. During a period of high temperatures, mortality was lower in pens with perches (P = 0.001). Keel bone fractures were present in 1/4 of hens and were not affected by the presence of perches. The growth of chicks was not affected by the parent treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that perches were chosen for roosting by broiler breeders depending on their age and did not impair production.