The flexion synergy, mother of all synergies and father of new models of gait.
The flexion synergy, mother of all synergies and father of new models of gait.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fncom.2013.00014
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jonkers I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duysens J;De Groote F;Jonkers I
最近，人们对腿部运动的模块化组织越来越感兴趣，特别是那些与运动有关的运动。其中一个基本模块涉及摆动过程中腿部的屈曲，并且已经表明该模块已经存在于新生儿中（Dominici等人）。在本文中，我们质疑这些发现是如何建立在Sherrington的原始工作基础上的，Sherrington提出屈肌反射是摆动阶段屈曲的基本组成部分。同样，屈肌反射和撤回反射模块的Schouenborg和翁之间的关系将被讨论。有人会说，这些关于模块的概念和更老的反射概念之间有很大的重叠。此外，它将被证明，有一个很大的灵活性，在步态过程中的一些这些模块的表达，从而允许适当的响应的相位依赖性调制。特别地，站立阶段的结束是促进屈肌协同作用的时期。有人提出，这与负责产生运动模式（CPG，“中央模式发生器”）的电路的激活有关。更具体地说，这表明，在这一时期的反应涉及到激活的屈肌爆发发生器。后一种结构构成了中央人民政府新的非对称模式的核心。这种激活是由传入输入控制的（由广泛的传入促进，由负荷传入输入抑制）。同时，这些生理功能中的许多已经在非常灵活的步行双足机器人的控制中找到了自己的方式。
Recently there has been a growing interest in the modular organization of leg movements, in particular those related to locomotion. One of the basic modules involves the flexion of the leg during swing and it was shown that this module is already present in neonates (Dominici et al.,). In this paper, we question how these finding build upon the original work by Sherrington, who proposed that the flexor reflex is the basic building block of flexion during swing phase. Similarly, the relation between the flexor reflex and the withdrawal reflex modules of Schouenborg and Weng will be discussed. It will be argued that there is large overlap between these notions on modules and the older concepts of reflexes. In addition, it will be shown that there is a great flexibility in the expression of some of these modules during gait, thereby allowing for a phase-dependent modulation of the appropriate responses. In particular, the end of the stance phase is a period when the flexor synergy is facilitated. It is proposed that this is linked to the activation of circuitry that is responsible for the generation of locomotor patterns (CPG, “central pattern generator”). More specifically, it is suggested that the responses in that period relate to the activation of a flexor burst generator. The latter structure forms the core of a new asymmetric model of the CPG. This activation is controlled by afferent input (facilitation by a broad range of afferents, suppression by load afferent input). Meanwhile, many of these physiologic features have found their way in the control of very flexible walking bipedal robots.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1926.0046
发表时间：
1926-08-01
期刊：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-CONTAINING PAPERS OF A BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER
影响因子：
--
作者：
Creed, RS;Sherrington, C
通讯作者：
Sherrington, C
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Duysens, J;Bastiaanse, CM;Dietz, V
通讯作者：
Dietz, V
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DUYSENS, J;PEARSON, KG
通讯作者：
PEARSON, KG
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DUYSENS, J;TAX, AAM;DIETZ, V
通讯作者：
DIETZ, V
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Allen JL;Neptune RR
通讯作者：
Neptune RR