Long distance dispersal and vertical gene flow in the Caribbean brooding coral Porites astreoides.
Long distance dispersal and vertical gene flow in the Caribbean brooding coral Porites astreoides.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep21619
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发表时间：
2016-02-22
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Baker AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Serrano XM;Baums IB;Smith TB;Jones RJ;Shearer TL;Baker AC
到目前为止，大多数对珊瑚连通性的评估都强调繁殖体从一个浅礁到另一个浅礁的长距离水平扩散。然而，纵向连通性的程度在很大程度上仍然没有得到充分研究。在这里，我们使用新开发的和现有的DNA微卫星位点的育雏珊瑚Porites astreoides评估模式的水平和垂直连接在590个殖民地收集从三个深度区（≤10米，15-20米和≥25米）在佛罗里达，百慕大和美属维尔京群岛（USVI）的网站。我们还测试了藻类共生体（共生藻属）的母体传播是否。可能会限制有效的垂直连接。总体而言，浅P. astreoides表现出高基因流之间的佛罗里达和USVI，但有限的基因流之间的这些地点和百慕大群岛。相比之下，有显着的遗传分化的深度在佛罗里达（上键，下键和干Tortugas），但不是在百慕大群岛或美属维尔京群岛，尽管强烈的模式，在这些地点的藻类共生体的深度分区。总之，这些发现表明，尽管其育雏生殖模式和藻类共生体的母体传播，但P. astreoides在水平和垂直方向上都是有效的。此外，这些发现可能有助于解释近几十年来在加勒比地区报道的P. astreoides的生态成功。
To date, most assessments of coral connectivity have emphasized long-distance horizontal dispersal of propagules from one shallow reef to another. The extent of vertical connectivity, however, remains largely understudied. Here, we used newly-developed and existing DNA microsatellite loci for the brooding coral Porites astreoides to assess patterns of horizontal and vertical connectivity in 590 colonies collected from three depth zones (≤10 m, 15–20 m and ≥25 m) at sites in Florida, Bermuda and the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). We also tested whether maternal transmission of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) might limit effective vertical connectivity. Overall, shallow P. astreoides exhibited high gene flow between Florida and USVI, but limited gene flow between these locations and Bermuda. In contrast, there was significant genetic differentiation by depth in Florida (Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas), but not in Bermuda or USVI, despite strong patterns of depth zonation in algal symbionts at two of these locations. Together, these findings suggest that P. astreoides is effective at dispersing both horizontally and vertically despite its brooding reproductive mode and maternal transmission of algal symbionts. In addition, these findings might help explain the ecological success reported for P. astreoides in the Caribbean in recent decades.