Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates
Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates
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DOI：
10.1017/s1368980011002515
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Serra-Majem, Lluis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bach-Faig, Anna;Berry, Elliot M.;Serra-Majem, Lluis
目的：展示地中海饮食（MD）金字塔：当今的生活方式。设计：新的图形表示被设想为简化的主框架，以适应地中海地区不同的营养和社会经济背景。这篇综述收集了考虑到当前地中海人口面临的生活方式、饮食、社会文化、环境和健康挑战的最新建议。背景和主题：地中海地区及其人口。结果：自以前的 MD 图形表示以来，出现了许多创新。首先，引入“主餐”组成的概念，以强化饮食模式的植物性核心。其次，由于肥胖是重大的公共卫生挑战，因此强调节俭和节制。第三，考虑定性的文化和生活方式元素，例如欢乐、烹饪活动、体力活动和充足的休息，以及食物消费的比例和频率建议。这些创新的进行并没有忽略与食品的生产、选择、加工和消费相关的其他项目，例如季节性、生物多样性以及传统、当地和生态友好的产品。结论：应考虑采取健康的生活方式并保留文化元素，以便从MD中获得所有好处并保护这一文化遗产。考虑到联合国教科文组织 (2010) 承认 MD 为人类非物质文化遗产，并考虑到其对健康和总体福祉的贡献，我们希望通过这种新的图形表示方式，为更好地遵守这种健康的饮食模式及其生活方式做出贡献。
Objective: To present the Mediterranean diet (MD) pyramid: a lifestyle for today.Design: A new graphic representation has been conceived as a simplified main frame to be adapted to the different nutritional and socio-economic contexts of the Mediterranean region. This review gathers updated recommendations considering the lifestyle, dietary, sociocultural, environmental and health challenges that the current Mediterranean populations are facing.Setting and Subjects: Mediterranean region and its populations.Results: Many innovations have arisen since previous graphical representations of the MD. First, the concept of composition of the 'main meals' is introduced to reinforce the plant-based core of the dietary pattern. Second, frugality and moderation is emphasised because of the major public health challenge of obesity. Third, qualitative cultural and lifestyle elements are taken into account, such as conviviality, culinary activities, physical activity and adequate rest, along with proportion and frequency recommendations of food consumption. These innovations are made without omitting other items associated with the production, selection, processing and consumption of foods, such as seasonality, biodiversity, and traditional, local and eco-friendly products.Conclusions: Adopting a healthy lifestyle and preserving cultural elements should be considered in order to acquire all the benefits from the MD and preserve this cultural heritage. Considering the acknowledgment of the MD as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO (2010), and taking into account its contribution to health and general well-being, we hope to contribute to a much better adherence to this healthy dietary pattern and its way of life with this new graphic representation.