Long-Term Visuo-Gustatory Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning Potentiate Human Visual Evoked Potentials
Long-Term Visuo-Gustatory Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning Potentiate Human Visual Evoked Potentials
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2017.00467
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-21
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Viemose, Ida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christoffersen, Gert R. J.;Laugesen, Jakob L.;Viemose, Ida
人类对食品和饮料的识别通常基于与味道相关的视觉线索。与获得这种长期关联相关的神经生理学可塑性动态最近才成为研究目标。在目前的工作中，通过高密度脑电图记录研究了食欲和厌恶性视觉味觉调节的影响，重点关注视觉诱发电位（VEP）的晚期成分，特别是 N2-P3 波。将不熟悉的图像与令人愉悦或令人不快的果汁配对，并在配对前和配对后 1 天对图像引起的 VEP 进行比较。在位于后视皮层区域的电极中，调节后观察到以下变化：从 N2 峰值到 P3 峰值的幅度增加，N2 峰值延迟减少。尽管图像在两个视觉半场上是双边对称的，但 N2 到 P3 幅度的百分比增加在后半球上分布不对称。每个实验对象中 N2 到 P3 幅度的百分比增加与该对象对两种果汁的正或负享乐效价的评估相关。 118 个头皮电极的结果给出了 θ 功率分布的表面图，显示配对后后视觉区域的功率增加。根据 swLORETA 计算的源电流分布表明，视觉诱发电流的上升是五个皮质区域（从初级视觉区域到颞下回 (ITG)）调节的结果。这些学习引起的变化在食欲和厌恶训练后都可见，而假训练的对照组则没有表现出任何变化。结论是，长期视觉味觉调节增强了 N2-P3 复合体，并且表明这些变化受到美国感知的享乐效价的调节。
Human recognition of foods and beverages are often based on visual cues associated with flavors. The dynamics of neurophysiological plasticity related to acquisition of such long-term associations has only recently become the target of investigation. In the present work, the effects of appetitive and aversive visuo-gustatory conditioning were studied with high density EEG-recordings focusing on late components in the visual evoked potentials (VEPs), specifically the N2-P3 waves. Unfamiliar images were paired with either a pleasant or an unpleasant juice and VEPs evoked by the images were compared before and 1 day after the pairings. In electrodes located over posterior visual cortex areas, the following changes were observed after conditioning: the amplitude from the N2-peak to the P3-peak increased and the N2 peak delay was reduced. The percentage increase of N2-to-P3 amplitudes was asymmetrically distributed over the posterior hemispheres despite the fact that the images were bilaterally symmetrical across the two visual hemifields. The percentage increases of N2-to-P3 amplitudes in each experimental subject correlated with the subject's evaluation of positive or negative hedonic valences of the two juices. The results from 118 scalp electrodes gave surface maps of theta power distributions showing increased power over posterior visual areas after the pairings. Source current distributions calculated from swLORETA revealed that visual evoked currents rose as a result of conditioning in five cortical regions-from primary visual areas and into the inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). These learning-induced changes were seen after both appetitive and aversive training while a sham trained control group showed no changes. It is concluded that long-term visuo-gustatory conditioning potentiated the N2-P3 complex, and it is suggested that the changes are regulated by the perceived hedonic valence of the US.