Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in urban soils of Glasgow, UK
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in urban soils of Glasgow, UK
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DOI：
10.1017/s1755691018000324
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
A. Kim;C. Vane;V. Moss-Hayes;D. Beriro;C. P. Nathanail;F. Fordyce;P. Everett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Kim;C. Vane;V. Moss-Hayes;D. Beriro;C. P. Nathanail;F. Fordyce;P. Everett
2011年7月，对英国克莱德盆地格拉斯哥255平方公里的84个表层土壤(5-20 cm深度)的总有机碳(TOC)、总石油烃、多环芳烃(PAHs)和多氯联苯(PCbs)的浓度进行了测定。石油总烃含量范围79-2,505 mg kg-1(平均388 mg kg-1，中位数272 mg kg-1)，其中芳烃含量13-74%(平均44%，中位数43%)，饱和度28-87%(平均56%，中位数57%)。∑16多环芳烃的变化范围为2~653mgkg-1(平均32.4mgkg-1；中位数12.5mgkg-1)；∑31PAH的变化范围为2.47~852 mgkg-1(平均45.4mgkg-1；中位数19.0mgkg-1)。∑范围2.2~10 5 2μgkg-1(平均32.4μgkg-1；中位数12.7μgkg-1)；∑PCB7范围0.3~344μgkg-1(平均9.8μgkg-1；中位数2.7μgkg-1)。将持久性有机污染物的浓度、分布和来源与其他城市土壤中的持久性有机污染物的浓度、分布和来源进行了比较，并与土壤中化学物质长期暴露的人体健康评价标准进行了比较。遇到的总集中度与具有类似工业历史的其他城市地区大致相似。使用通用评估标准，根据四种不同的土地使用情景(与当前土地用途无关)评估了苯并[a]芘的浓度，结果84个样本中有6个超过了居住标准。多环芳烃同分异构体的比值和多环芳烃的相对丰度表明，多个环境改性的热源多环芳烃来源是弥漫性污染的代表。使用荷兰目标值20∑GKG-1时，有10%的站点μ多氯联苯浓度超标。多氯联苯的同系物分布受到环境影响，通常以五氯、六氯和七氯的同系物为主。
ABSTRACT Concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in 84 near-surface soils (5–20cm depth) taken from a 255km2 area of Glasgow in the Clyde Basin, UK, during July 2011. Total petroleum hydrocarbon range was 79–2,505mgkg–1 (mean 388mgkg–1; median 272mgkg–1) of which the aromatic fraction was 13–74 % (mean 44 %, median 43 %) and saturates were 28–87 % (mean 56 %, median 57 %). ∑16 PAH varied from 2–653mgkg–1 (mean 32.4mgkg–1; median 12.5mgkg–1) and ∑31 PAH range was 2.47–852mgkg–1 (mean 45.4mgkg–1; median 19.0mgkg–1). ∑PCBtri-hepta range was 2.2–1052μgkg–1 (mean 32.4μgkg–1; median 12.7μgkg–1) and the ∑PCB7 range was 0.3–344μgkg–1 (mean 9.8μgkg–1; median 2.7μgkg–1). The concentration, distribution and source of the persistent organic pollutants were compared with those found in urban soils from other cities and to human health assessment criteria for chronic exposure to chemicals in soil. Total concentrations encountered were generally similar to other urban areas that had a similar industrial history. Benzo[a]pyrene concentrations were assessed against four different land use scenarios (irrespective of current land use) using generic assessment criteria resulting in six of 84 samples exceeding the residential criteria. Isomeric PAH ratios and relative abundance of perylene suggest multiple and environmentally modified pyrogenic PAH sources, inferred to be representative of diffuse pollution. ∑PCB7 concentrations were exceeded in 10 % of sites using the Dutch target value of 20μgkg–1. PCB congener profiles were environmentally attenuated and generally dominated by penta-, hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners.