Acute toxicity bioassay using Paramecium caudatum , a key member to study the effects of monocrotophos on swimming behaviour, morphology and reproduction
Acute toxicity bioassay using Paramecium caudatum , a key member to study the effects of monocrotophos on swimming behaviour, morphology and reproduction
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使用尾草履虫进行急性毒性生物测定，草履虫是研究久效磷对游泳行为、形态和繁殖影响的关键成员
DOI：
10.1080/02772240601010071
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
S. Arepalli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Venkateswara Rao;V. Gunda;K. Srikanth;S. Arepalli
采用静态急性毒性试验（10 min和2 h），研究了有机磷杀虫剂单氯磷（MCP）对草履虫的毒性效应。通过概率单位法确定，工业久效磷的致死浓度（50%）分别为60和40.6毫克/升。我们结合了传统的光学显微镜和计算机视频跟踪系统，以确定暴露于MCP草履虫的行为和形态变化。暴露于最高浓度（90-100 mg L-1）的帕拉米尼暴露10分钟，表现出最初的增加，随后的流动性下降，产生巨大的气泡，导致细胞溶解。在第二组实验中，暴露于致死浓度（40.6 mg L-1）2 h的细胞处于应激状态，随着暴露时间的增加，它们的运动行为，即单位时间内行进的距离（6 min内mm）和游泳速度（mm s-1）减少。在第三组实验中，针对毒物的不同亚致死浓度（5、10、15和20 mg L−1），评价了24 h内的世代数和世代时间。随着浓度的增加，其世代数减少，世代时间延长。结果表明草履虫毒力测定法可作为一种快速测定杀虫剂细胞毒潜力的补充方法。
The toxic effects of an organophosphorous insecticide, monochrotophos (MCP) were investigated on Paramecium caudatum in static acute toxicity tests (10 min and 2 h). The lethal concentrations (50%) were determined by probit method, for technical monocrotophos as 60 and 40.6 mg L−1, respectively. We have combined conventional light microscopy and a computerized video tracking system to determine behavioural and morphological changes in paramecium on exposure to MCP. Paramecia exposed to highest concentrations (90–100 mg L−1) used for 10 min exposure, exhibited initial increase with subsequent decrease in mobility with enormous blebbing, leading to lysis of cells. In the second set of experiments, the cells exposed to lethal concentration (40.6 mg L−1) for 2 h were under stress, and reduced their locomotor behaviour, i.e. distance travelled per unit time (mm in 6 min) and swimming speed (mm s−1) with increased time of exposure. In the third set of experiments, the number of generations and generation time in 24 h was evaluated with respect to the different sub lethal concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg L−1) of toxicant. The number of generations decreased and generation time extended significantly in a concentration dependent manner. The results indicate that the Paramecium toxicity assay could be used as a complimentary system to rapidly elucidate the cytotoxic potential of insecticides.