Spider silk fibers spun from soluble recombinant silk produced in mammalian cells
Spider silk fibers spun from soluble recombinant silk produced in mammalian cells
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1065780
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发表时间：
2002-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Karatzas, CN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lazaris, A;Arcidiacono, S;Karatzas, CN
蜘蛛丝是由特化上皮细胞分泌的基于蛋白质的“生物聚合物”丝或线，作为高度重复的初级序列的浓缩的可溶性前体。蜘蛛拖丝是一种柔韧、轻质的纤维，其强度和韧性可与合成高性能纤维相媲美。我们试图通过在哺乳动物细胞中表达两种蜘蛛物种的拖丝基因（ADF-3/MaSpl和MaSpl）来“仿生”蜘蛛丝生产过程。我们生产的可溶性重组（rc）拖丝蛋白的分子量为60至140千道尔顿。我们证明了在适度的剪切和凝固条件下从可溶性RC-蜘蛛丝蛋白（ADF-3; 60千道尔顿）的浓缩水溶液纺成的丝单丝的湿纺。纺成的纤维是水不溶性的，具有细直径（10至40微米），并表现出与天然拖丝相当的韧性和模量值，但具有塔韧性。纺丝原液中的rc-丝蛋白浓度>20%和纺丝后拉伸是改善纺丝纤维力学性能所必需的。纤维性质与更细的纤维直径和增加的双折射相关。
Spider silks are protein-based "biopolymer" filaments or threads secreted by specialized epithelia[ cells as concentrated soluble precursors of highly repetitive primary sequences. Spider dragline silk is a flexible, lightweight fiber of extraordinary strength and toughness comparable to that of synthetic high-performance fibers. We sought to "biomimic" the process of spider silk production by expressing in mammalian cells the dragline silk genes (ADF-3/MaSpll and MaSpl) of two spider species. We produced soluble recombinant (rc)-dragline silk proteins with molecular masses of 60 to 140 kilodaltons. We demonstrated the wet spinning of silk monofilaments spun from a concentrated aqueous solution of soluble rc-spider silk protein (ADF-3; 60 kilodaltons) under modest shear and coagulation conditions. The spun fibers were water insoluble with a fine diameter (10 to 40 micrometers) and exhibited toughness and modulus values comparable to those of native dragline silks but with tower tenacity. Dope solutions with rc-silk protein concentrations >20% and postspinning draw were necessary to achieve improved mechanical properties of the spun fibers. Fiber properties correlated with finer fiber diameter and increased birefringence.