Reconstructing tropical paleoshorelines using archaeological data: examples from the Fiji Archipelago, Southwest Pacific
Reconstructing tropical paleoshorelines using archaeological data: examples from the Fiji Archipelago, Southwest Pacific
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利用考古数据重建热带古海岸线：西南太平洋斐济群岛的例子
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
P. Nunn
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作者：
P. Nunn
通过古环境重建，可以深入了解斐济群岛早期定居者占据特定地点而不是其他地点的原因。特别重要的是在较高海平面（比 3000 cal yr BP 高出 1.5 m）的条件下，近岸沉积物动态以及红树林和海面边缘珊瑚礁的出现。详细研究了已知存在一些最早遗址的四个地区：维提岛北海岸的纳图努库、奈加尼岛的马塔纳穆阿尼、莫图里基岛的奈塔巴莱以及维提岛西南部的罗夫-布雷瓦遗址。据证明，纳图努库最早的定居点位于一个狭窄的海角上，马塔纳穆阿尼位于连岛群岛上，奈塔巴莱位于广阔的沿海平原上，罗夫-布雷瓦位于近海岛屿上（现在是大陆的一部分）。斐济第一批居民选择地点的主要标准似乎是能够到达宽阔的岸礁，而不是是否存在礁石通道、是否有淡水或适合园艺的低地。随后（欧洲人定居之前）每个地区的环境及其定居模式的变化主要是气候变化和海平面变化的结果。
Insights into the reasons why the early settlers of the Fiji Islands occupied particular sites and not others can be gained through their paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Of particular importance are the configuration of the coast under conditions of higher sea level (1.5m higher 3000 cal yr BP) near shore sediment dynamics, and the occurrence of mangroves and sea-surface fringing reefs. Four areas where some of the earliest sites are known to have existed are examined in detail: Natunuku on the north coast of Viti Levu Island, Matanamuani on Naigani Island, Naitabale on Moturiki Island, and the Rove-Bourewa sites in southwest Viti Levu. At the time of its earliest settlement Natunuku is shown to have located on a narrow promontory, Matanamuani on a tombolo, Naitabale on a broad coastal plain, and Rove-Bourewa on an offshore island (now part of the mainland). The principle criterion in site selection by the first people in Fiji appears to have been access to a broad fringing reef rather than either the presence of a reef passage, access to fresh water or lowland suitable for horticulture. Sub-sequent (pre-European settlement) changes to the environment of each area and its settlement pattern re shown to have been largely the result of climate change and sea-level changes.