Bottom up approach to estimate air pollution of rice residue open burning in Thailand
Bottom up approach to estimate air pollution of rice residue open burning in Thailand
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DOI：
10.1007/s13143-013-0015-0
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Garivait, Savitri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheewaphongphan, Penwadee;Garivait, Savitri
稻渣露天焚烧是一种可能导致全球变暖的农民活动。采用问卷调查和田间试验相结合的方法，对泰国水稻秸秆露天焚烧排放的时空分布特征进行了研究。为了研究农民的火灾行为，我们采访了1000名泰国农民。选取120个水稻样地进行水稻残渣特性测定。在农民的火灾行为中，45%的农民经常使用规定的焚烧技术进行土地整理活动。稻渣量约为117.7 Mt。虽然近60%的稻渣在田间燃烧，但由于稻渣和土壤含水量高，实际上只有15%的稻渣在田间燃烧。燃烧排放的二氧化碳为167万吨，氮氧化物为0.04万吨，PM2.5为0.35万吨，PM10为0.12万吨，BC为0.01万吨。大约30%、26%和17%的总排放量分别来自泰国北部、中部和西部地区。此外，在每年的12月至1月和4月至5月期间，在每个收获季节之后的一个月内，排放的排放量分别占所有排放量的31%和30%。本研究提供的稻渣燃烧排放物与以往研究的比较发现，本研究发现的排放物比以往研究发现的排放物高出一至五倍。这一发现表明了评估农业火灾特征活动数据的重要性。
Rice residue open burning is a farmer activity potentially contributes to global warming. This study was conducted with the objective of examining the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions from rice residue open burning in Thailand by using questionnaire survey and field experimentation. A sample of 1000 Thai farmers was interviewed in order to study the fire behaviours of farmers. One hundred and twenty rice sampling plots were selected for measuring rice residue characteristics. Of the farmer's fire behaviour, 45% of farmer regularly uses prescribed burning technique for land preparation activities. The amount of rice residue was approximately 117.7 Mt. Although nearly 60% of total residue was subjected to burning in the fields, only 15% of rice residue is actually burned in the fields because the residue and soil have high moisture content. The burning emissions are computed at 1.67 Mt of CO, 0.04 Mt of NOx, 0.35 Mt of PM2.5, 0.12 Mt of PM10, and 0.01 Mt of BC. Approximately 30%, 26%, and 17% of all emissions are contributed by the lower-northern, central, and western regions of Thailand, respectively. Moreover, 31% and 30% of all emissions are annually emitted from December to January and April to May over one month periods following each harvesting season. The comparisons of rice residue burning emissions provided by this study and previous studies have found the emissions discovered in this study to range from one to five times higher than the finding of previous studies. This finding demonstrates the importance of the assessment of activity data specific to farming fire characteristics.