Reactance to Health Warnings Scale: Development and Validation.

Reactance to Health Warnings Scale: Development and Validation.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12160-016-9799-3
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Brewer, Noel T.
Brewer, Noel T.
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hall, Marissa G.;Sheeran, Paschal;Noar, Seth M.;Ribisl, Kurt M.;Bach, Laura E.;Brewer, Noel T.

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如果健康警告引发了反抗,即抵制对自由的威胁的动机,那么它们可能就不那么有效了,但我们缺乏一个标准的反抗措施。我们试图验证一个新的健康警告反应规模的背景下,图片香烟包装警告。一个全国性的成年人样本(n= 1,413)在观看烟盒图像上随机分配的图片或文字警告时回答了电抗调查问题。一个单独的纵向样本的成年吸烟者收到的警告自己的香烟包装(n=46)。因素分析确定了一个可靠和有效的27个项目的健康反应量表。在我们的实验研究中,吸烟者认为图片警告比文字警告更能激励戒烟。然而,五个反应量表因素削弱了警告的影响(愤怒,夸张,政府,操纵和人身攻击;所有p<0.05)。健康反应量表具有良好的心理测量学特性。反应减弱了图片警告对吸烟者评估警告激励戒烟能力的影响。
Health warnings may be less effective if they elicit reactance, a motivation to resist a threat to freedom, yet we lack a standard measure of reactance. We sought to validate a new health warning reactance scale in the context of pictorial cigarette pack warnings. A national sample of adults (n=1,413) responded to reactance survey questions while viewing randomly assigned pictorial or text warnings on images of cigarette packs. A separate longitudinal sample of adult smokers received the warnings on their own cigarette packs (n=46). Factor analyses identified a reliable and valid 27-item Reactance to Health Warnings Scale. In our experimental study, smokers rated pictorial warnings as being able to motivate quitting more than text warnings. However, five reactance scale factors weakened the warnings’ impact (anger, exaggeration, government, manipulation, and personal attack; all p<.05). The Reactance to Health Warnings Scale had good psychometric properties. Reactance weakened the impact of pictorial warnings on smokers’ evaluation of the warning’s ability to motivate quitting.
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