Hormonal cycle modulates arousal circuitry in women using functional magnetic resonance imaging
Hormonal cycle modulates arousal circuitry in women using functional magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2239-05.2005
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发表时间：
2005-10-05
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Makris, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, JM;Jerram, M;Makris, N
性别特异性行为部分基于大脑生理的激素调节。这项功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究表明，成年女性下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）回路的激活存在显著差异，在排卵期减弱，在卵泡早期激活增强。12名正常的绝经前女性在月经周期的卵泡早期和卵泡晚期/月经中期分别进行了两次扫描，采用负性效价/高唤醒度与中性视觉刺激，并通过伴随的皮肤电活动（EDA）进行验证。与月经中期相比，在卵泡早期，中央杏仁核、室旁核和下丘脑腹内侧核、海马体、眶额皮质（OFC）、前扣带回（aCING）以及脑干脚周核中发现血氧水平依赖信号变化幅度显著更大，这些区域构成了一个与应激反应有关的网络。在月经中期，唤醒度（EDA）与杏仁核、眶额皮质和前扣带回的大脑活动呈正相关，但在卵泡早期则不相关，这表明在卵泡早期唤醒度增加时，杏仁核对皮质的控制较弱。这是首个表明雌激素可能通过HPA回路内的皮质 - 皮质下控制减弱女性唤醒度的证据。这些发现对正常的性别特异性生理功能具有重要意义，并可能有助于理解女性比男性更高的情绪和焦虑障碍发病率以及对创伤的不同敏感性。
Sex-specific behaviors are in part based on hormonal regulation of brain physiology. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study demonstrated significant differences in activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) circuitry in adult women with attenuation during ovulation and increased activation during early follicular phase. Twelve normal premenopausal women were scanned twice during the early follicular menstrual cycle phase compared with late follicular/midcycle, using negative valence/high arousal versus neutral visual stimuli, validated by concomitant electrodermal activity (EDA). Significantly greater magnitude of blood oxygenation level-dependent signal changes were found during early follicular compared with midcycle timing in central amygdala, paraventricular and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate gyrus (aCING), and peripeduncular nucleus of the brainstem, a network of regions implicated in the stress response. Arousal (EDA) correlated positively with brain activity in amygdala, OFC, and aCING during midcycle but not in early follicular, suggesting less cortical control of amygdala during early follicular, when arousal was increased. This is the first evidence suggesting that estrogen may likely attenuate arousal in women via cortical-subcortical control within HPA circuitry. Findings have important implications for normal sex-specific physiological functioning and may contribute to understanding higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders in women and differential sensitivity to trauma than men.