Experimental Information on the Dynamics of Dry-Snow Avalanches
Experimental Information on the Dynamics of Dry-Snow Avalanches
复制标题
干雪雪崩动力学实验信息
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-36565-5_4
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
D. Issler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Issler
本文是对过去60年来实地观测和专门实验提供的雪崩流实验信息进行天气学分析的第一步。在装有仪器的雪崩轨道上进行的全尺寸试验和用雪或替代材料进行的实验室试验都用来提取关于两个主要问题的信息：（一）雪崩中可能出现的流动状态以及发生雪崩的条件？(ii)雪崩是通过什么机制以什么速率从积雪中带走雪的？雪崩实验中使用的传感器的主要类型进行了简要的讨论，可以看出，各种各样的传感器和实验技术，包括实验室实验，必须结合起来，以获得明确的答案，公开的问题。
This paper is a first step towards a synoptic analysis of the experimental information on snow avalanche flow provided by field observations and dedicated experiments over the past 60 years. Both full-size tests in instrumented avalanche tracks and laboratory experiments with snow or substitute materials are used to extract information on two major questions: (i) Which flow regimes are possible in avalanches and under which conditions do they occur? (ii) By which mechanisms and at which rate do avalanches entrain snow from the snow cover? The major types of sensors used in avalanche experiments are briefly discussed, and it is seen that a large variety of sensors and experimental techniques—including laboratory experiments—have to be combined in order to obtain definitive answers to the open questions.