Structural holes and good ideas
Structural holes and good ideas
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DOI：
10.1086/421787
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Burt, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burt, RS
本文概述了经纪业提供社会资本的机制。群体内部的观点和行为比群体之间的更为同质化，因此跨群体的人更熟悉不同的思维和行为方式。跨越群体之间的结构性漏洞的经纪人提供了一种在其他情况下看不见的选择，这是经纪人成为社会资本的机制。我回顾了与假设一致的证据，然后研究了美国一家大型电子公司经理周围的网络。该组织充满了结构性漏洞，经纪业务有其预期的相关性。薪酬、积极的绩效评估、晋升和好主意不成比例地掌握在那些网络跨越结构漏洞的人手中。组间经纪人更有可能表达想法，不太可能有想法被驳回，更有可能有想法被评估为有价值。最后，我想谈谈对创造力和结构变革的影响。
This article outlines the mechanism by which brokerage provides social capital. Opinion and behavior are more homogeneous within than between groups, so people connected across groups are more familiar with alternative ways of thinking and behaving. Brokerage across the structural holes between groups provides a vision of options otherwise unseen, which is the mechanism by which brokerage becomes social capital. I review evidence consistent with the hypothesis, then look at the networks around managers in a large American electronics company. The organization is rife with structural holes, and brokerage has its expected correlates. Compensation, positive performance evaluations, promotions, and good ideas are disproportionately in the hands of people whose networks span structural holes. The between-group brokers are more likely to express ideas, less likely to have ideas dismissed, and more likely to have ideas evaluated as valuable. I close with implications for creativity and structural change.