Field Survey and Geological Effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril Tsunami in the Middle Kuril Islands
Field Survey and Geological Effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril Tsunami in the Middle Kuril Islands
复制标题
2006 年 11 月 15 日中千岛群岛千岛海啸的实地调查和地质影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
E. Kravchunovskaya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. MacInnes;T. Pinegina;J. Bourgeois;N. G. Razhigaeva;V. Kaistrenko;E. Kravchunovskaya
2006年11月15日在俄罗斯千岛群岛中部发生的千岛地震(MW 8.1-8.4)所产生的海啸的近场表现，包括最高可达20米，在我们于2007年夏天进行海啸后调查之前，一直是未知的。由于地震发生在2006年和2007年夏季实地考察之间，我们有海啸前三个月和海啸后九个月的观测、地形剖面和照片。我们对西姆希尔和马图亚岛的部分地区进行了彻底的调查，还对凯提、延基查、Ryponkicha和Rasshua的部分地区进行了调查。海啸发生在千岛群岛中部近场，距离约200米，在130个调查地点平均为10米，通常在5至15米之间。当地地形强烈影响洪水泛滥，并在一定程度上受到影响。较高的涨幅通常发生在陡峭、突出的海角，而较长的淹没距离出现在较低、较平坦的沿海平原上。在有沉积物的地方，沉积物的输送无处不在--沉积物的颗粒大小通常是沙子，但范围从泥土到大石头。凡是有沙滩的地方，沿海平原上或多或少都会出现连续不断的沙层。侵蚀范围很广，在空间和体积上往往比沉积更广泛，特别是在抬高超过10米的地区。海啸向陆地侵蚀海滩，剥离植被，形成冲刷和修剪线条，穿过山脊，将岩石从沿海平原上拉出。
The near-field expression of the tsunami produced by the 15 November 2006 Kuril earthquake (Mw 8.1–8.4) in the middle Kuril Islands, Russia, including runup of up to 20 m, remained unknown until we conducted a post-tsunami survey in the summer of 2007. Because the earthquake occurred between summer field expeditions in 2006 and 2007, we have observations, topographic profiles, and photographs from three months before and nine months after the tsunami. We thoroughly surveyed portions of the islands of Simushir and Matua, and also did surveys on parts of Ketoi, Yankicha, Ryponkicha, and Rasshua. Tsunami runup in the near-field of the middle Kuril Islands, over a distance of about 200 km, averaged 10 m over 130 locations surveyed and was typically between 5 and 15 m. Local topography strongly affected inundation and somewhat affected runup. Higher runup generally occurred along steep, protruding headlands, whereas longer inundation distances occurred on lower, flatter coastal plains. Sediment transport was ubiquitous where sediment was available—deposit grain size was typically sand, but ranged from mud to large boulders. Wherever there were sandy beaches, a more or less continuous sand sheet was present on the coastal plain. Erosion was extensive, often more extensive than deposition in both space and volume, especially in areas with runup of more than 10 m. The tsunami eroded the beach landward, stripped vegetation, created scours and trim lines, cut through ridges, and plucked rocks out of the coastal plain.