High-fat diet and acute stress have different effects on object preference tests in rats during adolescence and adulthood
High-fat diet and acute stress have different effects on object preference tests in rats during adolescence and adulthood
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112993
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发表时间：
2021-01-07
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Schoenfeld, Timothy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Glushchak, Karina;Ficarro, Alexandria;Schoenfeld, Timothy J.
青少年时期的高脂肪饮食（HFD）对记忆的损害比成年时期更严重，然而，青少年时期高脂肪饮食对记忆的恢复还没有得到充分的研究。此外，许多啮齿类动物的记忆测试都受到厌恶或食物刺激的干扰，因此很难确定HFD对基线记忆加工的影响。因此，我们利用青春期大鼠、成年大鼠和恢复期大鼠三组大鼠，探讨不同年龄大鼠在严格以物体探索、新物体识别和新物体定位为基础的两项传统记忆测试中的作用。为了将压力作为一个变量，大鼠在基线或在物体获取后直接进行冷水游泳测试。结果表明，压力会损害所有组对新事物的偏好，但HFD只会损害青少年对新事物的偏好，尽管在切换到控制饮食后，这种偏好会恢复。此外，在所有年龄组中，对新位置物体的偏好都受到HFD的损害，并且在饮食改变后无法恢复。这些数据表明，除了青少年时期，压力和HFD对不同测试类型的对象偏好的影响是不同的。由于这些测试传统上被解释为依赖于两个不同的大脑区域——海马体和鼻周皮层的记忆过程，这些结果支持压力和HFD对海马体和鼻周皮层的影响是不同的。数据证实，当周围皮层依赖性行为恢复时，青少年时期易受HFD引起的海马行为长期功能障碍的影响。
Meals of high-fat diet (HFD) during adolescence produce stronger impairments to memory during adolescence than adulthood, however recovery of memory from adolescent HFD is underexplored. In addition, many tests of rodent memory are confounded by aversive or food-based stimuli, making it difficult to determine baseline memory processing affected by HFD. Thus, we utilized three cohorts of rats (adolescent HFD, adult HFD, and adolescent HFD with recovery) to explore the effects of HFD at different ages on two traditional tests of memory based strictly on object exploration, novel object recognition and novel object location tests. To isolate stress as a variable, rats were tested either at baseline or with cold water swim occurring directly after object acquisition. Results show that preference for novel objects is impaired by stress across all groups, but HFD alone only impairs preference for novel objects during adolescence, although this recovers after switching to a control diet. Additionally, preference for an object in a new location is impaired by HFD in all age groups and fails to recover following diet change. Together the data suggest that stress and HFD differentially affect object preference, based on test type, except during the adolescent period. Because these tests are traditionally interpreted as memory processes dependent on two distinct brain regions, the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex, these results support that stress and HFD affect the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex differently. The data affirm that while perirhinal cortex-dependent behavior recovers, the adolescent period is susceptible to long-lasting dysfunctions of hippocampal behavior by HFD.