Building a user-derived interface
Building a user-derived interface
复制标题
构建用户衍生的界面
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sandra J. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Good;J. Whiteside;Dennis R. Wixon;Sandra J. Jones
许多人机界面的设计都假设用户必须适应系统，用户必须接受培训并改变他们的行为以适应给定的界面。这里提出的研究是从另一种假设出发的：新手行为本质上是明智的，并且计算机系统可以适应它。具体来说，我们构建了一个相当易于使用的界面，以适应新手用户的实际行为。新手尝试使用命令行界面执行电子邮件任务，其中没有帮助、没有菜单、没有文档，也没有说明。隐藏的操作员在必要时截获命令，造成交互式会话的假象。软件经过反复修改，可以识别用户的新命令；本质上，界面源自用户行为。该程序已用于 67 名受试者。该软件的第一个版本只能识别所有受试者自发生成的命令的 7%；最终版本可以识别其中 76% 的命令。这种经验与用户输入与命令语言的设计无关的想法相矛盾。通过对用户行为的仔细观察和分析，一个新手无法使用的邮件界面进化成了一个可以让新手在几分钟内完成有用工作的界面。
Many human-computer interfaces are designed with the assumption that the user must adapt to the system, that users must be trained and their behavior altered to fit a given interface. The research presented here proceeds from the alternative assumption: Novice behavior is inherently sensible, and the computer system can be made to adapt to it. Specifically, a measurably easy-to-use interface was built to accommodate the actual behavior of novice users. Novices attempted an electronic mail task using a command-line interface containing no help, no menus, no documentation, and no instruction. A hidden operator intercepted commands when necessary, creating the illusion of an interactive session. The software was repeatedly revised to recognize users' new commands; in essence, the interface was derived from user behavior. This procedure was used on 67 subjects. The first version of the software could recognize only 7 percent of all the subjects' spontaneously generated commands; the final version could recognize 76 percent of these commands. This experience contradicts the idea that user input is irrelevant to the design of command languages. Through careful observation and analysis of user behavior, a mail interface unusable by novices evolved into one that let novices do useful work within minutes.