Who dares, benefits: predator approach behaviour in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) deters predator pursuit
Who dares, benefits: predator approach behaviour in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) deters predator pursuit
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谁敢，谁就受益：孔雀鱼 (Poecilia reticulata) 的捕食者接近行为会阻止捕食者的追捕
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. A. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Godin;S. A. Davis
动物通常会在一定距离内接近（或检查）潜在的捕食者，这种做法本身就有风险，而且显然是自相矛盾的。敢于检查捕食者的个人，因此愿意接受相关的成本，必须从这样做中获得额外的健身收益，而非检查员则没有。在这里，我们报告了一个直接的健身效益捕食者检查行为的形式相比，非检查员捕食检查员的风险降低。使用孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）和蓝色阿卡拉慈鲷鱼（Aequidens pulcher）作为一个模型的捕食系统，我们证明实验的捕食者是显着不太注意，不太可能攻击和杀死，孔雀鱼，检查他们比那些没有。因此，他们更有可能中止对检查孔雀鱼的初步做法比非检查一个，因此，检查员遭受的攻击和死亡的风险显着低于非检查员接近时，捕食者。我们的结果为孔雀鱼捕食者检查行为的捕食者追捕威慑功能提供了强有力的证据，并且也对捕食者接近行为作为猎物合作策略的进化所需的条件具有影响。
Animals commonly approach (or inspect) potential predators at a distance, a practice which is inherently risky and apparently paradoxical. Individuals which dare inspect predators, and who are therefore willing to accept the associated costs, must gain additional fitness benefits from doing so which non-inspectors do not. Here, we report a direct fitness benefit for predator inspection behaviour in the form of a reduced risk of predation on inspectors compared with non-inspectors. Using guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and blue acara cichlid fish (Aequidens pulcher) as a model prey-predator system, we demonstrate experimentally that the predators were significantly less attentative to, and less likely to attack and kill, guppies which inspected them than those which did not. They were thus more likely to abort an initial approach towards an inspecting guppy than a non-inspecting one, and as a consequence, inspectors incurred a significantly lower risk of attack and death than non-inspectors when approached by the predator. Our results constitute strong evidence for a predator pursuit-deterrence function of predator inspection behaviour in the guppy, and also have implications for the conditions necessary for the evolution of predator approach behaviour as a cooperative strategy in prey.