Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program
Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16203881
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Louro, Hugo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leitao, Luis;Pereira, Ana;Louro, Hugo
体育锻炼有非常重要的好处，包括预防疾病和提高老年人的生活质量。常见的中断和训练停止与总体健康状况的丧失有关，特别是心肺适应性。停止训练（DT）是否会对受过训练和久坐的老年妇女的心肺和健康状况产生不同的影响？47名老年妇女被分为实验组（EG）和对照组（CG）（EG：n = 28，70.3 +/- 2.3岁; CG：n = 19，70.1 +/- 5.6岁）。在运动计划后和停止训练三个月后进行摄氧量（VO 2）和健康状况评估。EG遵循九个月的多成分运动计划，然后三个月的停训期。CG保持正常活动。重复测量方差分析显示，在9个月的运动期间，EG的总健康和VO 2（p < 0.01）曲线显著增加，而CG没有显著增加。DT对总胆固醇的负面影响更大（4.35%，p < 0.01），甘油三酯（3.89%，p < 0.01），葡萄糖（4.96%，P < 0.01），静息心率（5.15%，p < 0.01），收缩压（4.13%，p < 0.01），舒张压（3.38%，p < 0.01），六分钟步行试验（7.57%，p < 0.01），肺通气（VE）呼吸交换率（RER）（9.78，p <0.05）和VO 2/心率（HR）（16.08%，p < 0.01）。DT可能会导致整体健康状况和VO 2更大的下降，部分是由针对老年妇女开发的多组分培训的有效性介导的。
Physical exercise results in very important benefits including preventing disease and promoting the quality of life of older individuals. Common interruptions and training cessation are associated with the loss of total health profile, and specifically cardiorespiratory fitness. Would detraining (DT) promote different effects in the cardiorespiratory and health profiles of trained and sedentary older women? Forty-seven older women were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG) (EG: n = 28, 70.3 +/- 2.3 years; CG: n = 19, 70.1 +/- 5.6 years). Oxygen uptake (VO2) and health profile assessments were conducted after the exercise program and after three months of detraining. The EG followed a nine-month multicomponent exercise program before a three-month detraining period. The CG maintained their normal activities. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant increases in total heath and VO2 (p < 0.01) profile over a nine-month exercise period in the EG and no significant increases in the CG. DT led to greater negative effects on total cholesterol (4.35%, p < 0.01), triglycerides (3.89%, p < 0.01), glucose (4.96%, p < 0.01), resting heart rate (5.15%, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (4.13%, p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (3.38%, p < 0.01), the six-minute walk test (7.57%, p < 0.01), Pulmonary Ventilation (VE) (10.16%, p < 0.01), the Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) (9.78, p < 0.05), and VO2/heart rate (HR) (16.08%, p < 0.01) in the EG. DT may induce greater declines in total health profile and in VO2, mediated, in part, by the effectiveness of multicomponent training particularly developed for older women.