Understanding primate brain evolution
Understanding primate brain evolution
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2006.2001
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发表时间：
2007-04-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Shultz, Susanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunbar, R. I. M.;Shultz, Susanne
我们提出了一个详细的重新分析的灵长类动物的比较大脑数据，并开发了一个模型，使用路径分析，旨在提出一个更广泛的生态和生活史框架内的灵长类动物的大脑（新皮层）和社会性的共同进化。我们发现，身体大小，基础代谢率和生活史作为大脑进化的约束，并通过这影响新皮层的大小和组大小的共同进化。然而，它们并不能决定这些变量中的任何一个，这些变量似乎被锁定在一个紧密的共同进化系统中。我们表明，在灵长类动物中，这种关系是特定的新皮层。尽管如此，大脑进化仍有重要的限制;我们使用路径分析表明，为了进化出一个大的新皮层，一个物种必须首先进化出一个大的大脑来支持新皮层，这反过来又需要调整饮食（提供所需的能量）和生活史（为大脑生长和“软件”编程留出足够的时间）。我们回顾了一个更广泛的文献，展示了一系列哺乳动物类群中大脑大小和社会性之间紧密的共同进化关系，但强调社会脑假说不是关于大脑/新皮层大小和群体大小之间的关系本身，而是关于社会复杂性，我们举出证据来支持这一点。最后，我们考虑更广泛的问题，哺乳动物（和灵长类动物）的大脑进化，以本地化的社会影响。
We present a detailed reanalysis of the comparative brain data for primates, and develop a model using path analysis that seeks to present the coevolution of primate brain (neocortex) and sociality within a broader ecological and life-history framework. We show that body size, basal metabolic rate and life history act as constraints on brain evolution and through this influence the coevolution of neocortex size and group size. However, they do not determine either of these variables, which appear to be locked in a tight coevolutionary system. We show that, within primates, this relationship is specific to the neocortex. Nonetheless, there are important constraints on brain evolution; we use path analysis to show that, in order to evolve a large neocortex, a species must first evolve a large brain to support that neocortex and this in turn requires adjustments in diet (to provide the energy needed) and life history (to allow sufficient time both for brain growth and for 'software' programming). We review a wider literature demonstrating a tight coevolutionary relationship between brain size and sociality in a range of mammalian taxa, but emphasize that the social brain hypothesis is not about the relationship between brain/neocortex size and group size per se; rather, it is about social complexity and we adduce evidence to support this. Finally, we consider the wider issue of how mammalian (and primate) brains evolve in order to localize the social effects.