Status, Power, and Intergroup Relations: The Personal Is the Societal.
Status, Power, and Intergroup Relations: The Personal Is the Societal.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.05.012
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Swencionis JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiske ST;Dupree CH;Nicolas G;Swencionis JK
权力（资源）和地位（威望）相关形式的等级制度是组织人类社会的常量。本文回顾了相关的社会心理学文献，并确定了几个关于权力和地位的趋同结果。无论地位是长期占有的还是暂时体现的，较高的地位都会产生与他人的心理距离，允许较高地位的人代理，以及较低地位的人的确切顺从。地位意味着能力的信念基本上是普遍的。人际交往会产生热情-能力的补偿权衡。随着社会结构（持续的不平等），这些权衡强化了地位-能力的信念。种族、阶级和性别进一步说明了这些动态。虽然地位体系是有弹性的，但它们也会发生变化，随着全球人口结构的变化破坏了现有的等级制度，了解这些变化过程是未来研究的一个重要方向。
Hierarchies in the correlated forms of power (resources) and status (prestige) are constants that organize human societies. This article reviews relevant social psychological literature and identifies several converging results concerning power and status. Whether rank is chronically possessed or temporarily embodied, higher ranks create psychological distance from others, allow agency by the higher ranked, and exact deference from the lower ranked. Beliefs that status entails competence are essentially universal. Interpersonal interactions create warmth-competence compensatory tradeoffs. Along with societal structures (enduring inequality), these tradeoffs reinforce status-competence beliefs. Race, class, and gender further illustrate these dynamics. Although status systems are resilient, they can shift, and understanding those change processes is an important direction for future research, as global demographic changes disrupt existing hierarchies.