Stress in early pregnancy: maternal neuro-endocrine-immune responses and effects
Stress in early pregnancy: maternal neuro-endocrine-immune responses and effects
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jri.2009.10.011
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Douglas, Alison J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parker, Victoria J.;Douglas, Alison J.
压力会严重影响生殖，尤其是在妊娠早期。一种结果是妊娠失败：尽管糖皮质激素有副作用，但尚不清楚它们在妊娠失败中的作用是什么。然而，黄体酮和催乳素等重要激素的分泌减少，这会破坏微妙而重要的妊娠保护细胞因子环境的平衡。糖皮质激素、黄体酮/催乳素和免疫系统之间复杂的相互作用显然会加速这种损失，尽管早期损失可能通过保留母体能量储存和促进对其他后代的持续母性护理而赋予生殖优势。如果没有引起妊娠失败，母亲压力的另一个也许更深远的结果是胎儿编程。人们对妊娠晚期糖皮质激素升高在胎儿编程中的作用了解很多，但在妊娠早期，其作用虽然有可能，但还不太清楚。其他关键的妊娠激素和免疫因素也有助于胎儿的编程。毫无疑问，糖皮质激素、黄体酮/催乳素和免疫系统的综合作用对于最佳妊娠结局至关重要，并且非常容易受到环境条件的影响。 (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Stress profoundly compromises reproduction, particularly when experienced in early gestation. One outcome is pregnancy failure: although glucocorticoids have adverse effects it is not clear what their role in pregnancy failure is. However, secretion of vital hormones such as progesterone and prolactin are reduced and this unbalances the delicate and important pregnancy-protective cytokine milieu. Complex interaction between glucocorticoids, progesterone/prolactin and the immune system evidently precipitate the loss, although early loss may confer reproductive advantage by preserving maternal energy stores and facilitating ongoing maternal care for other offspring. If pregnancy failure is not induced another, perhaps more profound, outcome of maternal stress is fetal programming. Much is known about the role of elevated glucocorticoids during late gestation in fetal programming, but in early gestation their role is less clear, though likely. Other key pregnancy hormones and immune factors also contribute to fetal programming. Undoubtedly integrated action of glucocorticoids, progesterone/prolactin and the immune system is crucial for optimal pregnancy outcome and is highly susceptible to environmental conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.