Social interactions shape individual and collective personality in social spiders
Social interactions shape individual and collective personality in social spiders
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2018.1366
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发表时间：
2018-09-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Pinter-Wollman, Noa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunt, Edmund R.;Mi, Brian;Pinter-Wollman, Noa
群体的行为构成和社会互动的动态都会影响社会性动物的集体工作方式。例如，表现出某种行为倾向的个体可能会对群体产生不成比例的巨大影响，因此被称为基石个体，而个体之间的互动可以促进资源信息的传递。尽管行为构成和互动对集体行为都有潜在影响，但一致行为（也称为个性）E.和社会互动之间的关系仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用面向行动者的随机模型来揭示社交蜘蛛 Stegodyphus dumicola 的大胆性和社交互动之间的相互依赖性。我们发现，大胆程度对形成社交互动的可能性没有影响，但互动确实会影响大胆程度，并导致害羞的个体的大胆程度增加。此外，蜘蛛往往与邻居一样与同一个体进行互动。一般来说，大胆程度会随着时间的推移而减少，但一旦个人的大胆程度开始增加，这种增加就会加速，这表明存在正反馈机制。正如在自然界中观察到的那样，这些相互作用和大胆的动态导致了一些大胆的个体和许多害羞的个体的大胆分布的倾斜。这种群体行为组成促进了有效的集体行为，例如快速集体猎物攻击。因此，通过研究行为和互动之间的关系，我们揭示了适应性群体组成和集体行为出现的机制。
The behavioural composition of a group and the dynamics of social interactions can both influence how social animals work collectively. For example, individuals exhibiting certain behavioural tendencies may have a disproportionately large impact on the group, and so are referred to as keystone individuals, while interactions between individuals can facilitate information transmission about resources. Despite the potential impact of both behavioural composition and interactions on collective behaviour, the relationship between consistent behaviours (also known as personalities) E. and social interactions remains poorly understood. Here, we use stochastic actor-oriented models to uncover the interdependencies between boldness and social interactions in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. We find that boldness has no effect on the likelihood of forming social interactions, but interactions do affect boldness, and lead to an increase in the boldness of the shyer individual. Furthermore, spiders tend to interact with the same individuals as their neighbours. In general, boldness decreases over time, but once an individual's boldness begins to increase, this increase accelerates, suggesting a positive feedback mechanism. These dynamics of interactions and boldness result in skewed boldness distributions of a few bold individuals and many shy individuals, as observed in nature. This group behavioural composition facilitates efficient collective behaviours, such as rapid collective prey attack. Thus, by examining the relationship between behaviour and interactions, we reveal the mechanisms that underlie the emergence of adaptive group composition and collective behaviour.