Two distinct modes of ATR activation orchestrated by Rad17 and Nbs1.

Two distinct modes of ATR activation orchestrated by Rad17 and Nbs1.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2013.04.018
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发表时间:
2013-05-30
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Zou L
Zou L
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shiotani B;Nguyen HD;Håkansson P;Maréchal A;Tse A;Tahara H;Zou L

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ATR激酶是DNA损伤反应的主要调节因子。然而,ATR如何被激活对不同的底物仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们表明ATR磷酸化Chk 1和RPA 32通过不同的机制在复制相关的DNA双链断裂(DSB)。与Chk 1的快速磷酸化相反,RPA 32在DSB切除期间在Ser 4/Ser 8被DNA-PKcs磷酸化之前被ATR在Ser 33处进行性磷酸化。令人惊讶的是,尽管其依赖于ATR和TopBP 1,但在体内和体外,大量RPA 32 Ser 33磷酸化以Rad 17非依赖性但Nbs 1依赖性的方式发生。重要的是,Nbs 1在RPA 32磷酸化中的作用可以与ATM激活和DSB切除分开,并且依赖于其与RPA的相互作用。不能结合RPA的Nbs 1突变体不能支持塌陷的复制叉的适当恢复,这表明Nbs 1介导的ATR激活模式对于复制相关DSB的修复是重要的。
The ATR kinase is a master regulator of the DNA damage response. Yet, how ATR is activated towards different substrates is still poorly understood. Here, we show that ATR phosphorylates Chk1 and RPA32 through distinct mechanisms at replication-associated DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs). In contrast to the rapid phosphorylation of Chk1, RPA32 is progressively phosphorylated by ATR at Ser33 during DSB resection prior to the phosphorylation of Ser4/Ser8 by DNA-PKcs. Surprisingly, despite its reliance on ATR and TopBP1, substantial RPA32 Ser33 phosphorylation occurs in a Rad17-independent but Nbs1-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, the role of Nbs1 in RPA32 phosphorylation can be separated from ATM activation and DSB resection, and is dependent upon its interaction with RPA. An Nbs1 mutant unable to bind RPA fails to support proper recovery of collapsed replication forks, suggesting that the Nbs1-mediated mode of ATR activation is important for the repair of replication-associated DSBs.
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