Controls on explosive-effusive volcanic eruption styles.

Controls on explosive-effusive volcanic eruption styles.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-05293-3
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发表时间:
2018-07-19
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Bachmann O
Bachmann O
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cassidy M;Manga M;Cashman K;Bachmann O

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火山危险性评估的最大挑战之一是了解在同一喷发期,甚至从一次喷发到下一次喷发,喷发方式如何以及为什么会发生变化。这篇综述评价了导致硅岩浆爆发和喷涌喷发的竞争过程。喷发风格取决于一系列涉及相互关联的岩浆性质和过程的反馈。其中最重要的是岩浆粘度、气体损失和管道几何形状等外部特性。最终,这些参数控制着岩浆上升、减压和向地表释放气体的速度,从而决定了喷发的风格和演化。在任何给定的时间,单个火山的喷发方式可能从爆发性转变为喷涌性(反之亦然)。本文综述了含硅火山喷发方式的潜在控制因素,如岩浆粘度、脱气和管道几何形状。
One of the biggest challenges in volcanic hazard assessment is to understand how and why eruptive style changes within the same eruptive period or even from one eruption to the next at a given volcano. This review evaluates the competing processes that lead to explosive and effusive eruptions of silicic magmas. Eruptive style depends on a set of feedback involving interrelated magmatic properties and processes. Foremost of these are magma viscosity, gas loss and external properties such as conduit geometry. Ultimately, these parameters control the speed at which magmas ascend, decompress and outgas en route to the surface, and thus determine eruptive style and evolution. Eruptive styles at a single volcano may transition from explosive to effusive behaviour (or vice versa) at any given time. This review examines the underlying controls on eruptive styles such as magma viscosity, degassing and conduit geometry at volcanoes with silicic compositions.
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