Achievement goals and improvement following failure: Moderating roles of self-compassion and contingency of self-worth.
Achievement goals and improvement following failure: Moderating roles of self-compassion and contingency of self-worth.
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成就目标和失败后的改进：自我慈悲和自我价值的偶然性的调节作用。
DOI：
10.1080/15298868.2015.1084371
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimizu;M.;Niiya;Y.;& Shigemasu;E
我们研究了掌握目标是否比表现目标更能促进认知测试成绩的提高，以及自我同情和自我价值感的偶然性是否会调节这种效果。参与者接受了掌握或表现目标的操纵，在一个困难的测试中失败，并在收到正确答案后再次参加测试。那些掌握目标表现出更大的成绩比那些与性能目标的改善，虽然失败后的状态自尊没有两种条件之间的差异。此外，这些目标在（a）自我同情低而不是高的人和（B）自我价值高而不是低竞争偶然性的人中有更大的影响。研究结果表明，通过将任务视为挑战而不是威胁，掌握目标比绩效目标更能鼓励人们从失败中学习，特别是在高度自我威胁的情况下。
We examined whether mastery goals promote greater score improvement on a cognitive test than performance goals and whether self-compassion and contingency of self-worth moderated the effect. Participants received either mastery or performance goals manipulation, failed on a difficult test, and took the test again after receiving the correct answers. Those with mastery goals showed a greater score improvement than those with performance goals, although post-failure state self-esteem did not differ between the two conditions. Moreover, the goals had a greater effect among (a) those with low rather than high self-compassion and (b) those with high rather than low competition contingency of self-worth. The findings suggest that by framing the task as a challenge rather than a threat, mastery goals encourage people to learn from failure more so than performance goals, especially when under high ego-threat.