Into the danger zone: How the within-host distribution of parasites controls virulence.
Into the danger zone: How the within-host distribution of parasites controls virulence.
复制标题
进入危险区域：寄生虫在宿主体内的分布如何控制毒力。
DOI：
10.1111/ele.14352
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Hobart,Brendan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson,PieterTJ;StewartMerrill,Tara;Calhoun,DanaM;McDevitt-Galles,Travis;Hobart,Brendan
Despite the importance of virulence in epidemiological theory, the relative contributions of host and parasite to virulence outcomes remain poorly understood. Here, we use reciprocal cross experiments to disentangle the influence of host and parasite on core virulence components—infection and pathology—and understand dramatic differences in parasite‐induced malformations in California amphibians. Surveys across 319 populations revealed that amphibians' malformation risk was 2.7× greater in low‐elevation ponds, even while controlling for trematode infection load. Factorial experiments revealed that parasites from low‐elevation sites induced higher per‐parasite pathology (reduced host survival and growth), whereas there were no effects of host source on resistance or tolerance. Parasite populations also exhibited marked differences in within‐host distribution: ~90% of low‐elevation cysts aggregated around the hind limbs, relative to <60% from high‐elevation. This offers a novel, mechanistic basis for regional variation in parasite‐induced malformations while promoting a framework for partitioning host and parasite contributions to virulence.
