Visual discrimination of objects differing in spatial depth by goldfish
Visual discrimination of objects differing in spatial depth by goldfish
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-011-0685-y
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Neumeyer, Christa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frech, Birte;Vogtsberger, Melanie;Neumeyer, Christa
进行训练实验，以调查金鱼的能力，区分不同的空间深度的对象。大小恒定性的测试应该让我们深入了解距离估计的机制。金鱼成功地训练区分两个黑色的磁盘刺激相同的大小，但不同的距离坦克壁。每一个刺激都被放在一个白色管子里，这样鱼一次只能看到一个刺激。对于八个训练刺激距离中的每一个，在70%选择频率的阈值标准下确定距离的刚好可察觉的差异。阈值时训练刺激与对照刺激之间的视网膜图像大小之比近似恒定。然而，与道格拉斯等人（Behav Brain Res 30：37-42，1988）相反，金鱼在相同视角的刺激测试中没有显示出大小恒定性。这表明他们没有估计距离，而是简单地比较了我们实验条件下的视网膜图像。我们没有发现任何使用调节作为深度线索的迹象。管后端的图案化背景没有任何影响，然而，这并不排除运动视差在自然条件下被用作深度线索的可能性。
Training experiments were performed to investigate the ability of goldfish to discriminate objects differing in spatial depth. Tests on size constancy should give insight into the mechanisms of distance estimation. Goldfish were successfully trained to discriminate between two black disk stimuli of equal size but different distance from the tank wall. Each stimulus was presented in a white tube so that the fish could see only one stimulus at a time. For each of eight training stimulus distances, the just noticeable difference in distance was determined at a threshold criterion of 70% choice frequency. The ratio of the retinal image sizes between training stimulus and comparison stimulus at threshold was about constant. However, in contrast to Douglas et al. (Behav Brain Res 30: 37-42, 1988), goldfish did not show size constancy in tests with stimuli of the same visual angle. This indicates that they did not estimate distance, but simply compared the retinal images under our experimental conditions. We did not find any indication for the use of accommodation as a depth cue. A patterned background at the rear end of the tubes did not have any effect, which, however, does not exclude the possibility that motion parallax is used as a depth cue under natural conditions.