Advancing the Understanding of Environmental Transformations, Bioavailability and Effects of Nanomaterials, an International US Environmental Protection Agency-UK Environmental Nanoscience Initiative Joint Program.
Advancing the Understanding of Environmental Transformations, Bioavailability and Effects of Nanomaterials, an International US Environmental Protection Agency-UK Environmental Nanoscience Initiative Joint Program.
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DOI：
10.4236/jep.2018.94025
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发表时间：
2018-04-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zhang J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lasat MM;Chung KF;Lead J;McGrath S;Owen RJ;Rocks S;Unrine J;Zhang J
纳米技术具有显著的经济、健康和环境效益，包括可再生能源和创新的环境解决方案。由于其新颖或增强的特性，制造的纳米颗粒已被纳入新材料和产品中。这些特性也引发了人们对人造纳米材料对环境和人类健康的潜在危害和风险的担忧。适当的风险管理应对措施要求开发能够预测纳米材料对环境和人类健康影响的模型。预测模型的发展一直受到有关制造的纳米颗粒的环境命运，行为和影响的信息缺乏的阻碍。英国（UK）环境纳米科学倡议和美国（US）环境保护局已经开发了一个国际研究计划，以增强知识库并开发制造纳米颗粒的风险预测模型。在这里，我们报告了该计划的选定亮点，因为它试图通过资助三个综合的美国-英国财团来最大限度地发挥跨大西洋科学界的互补优势，以调查这些纳米颗粒在陆地，水生和大气环境中的转化。研究结果表明，环境转化的纳米材料的物理化学性质与其影响之间存在函数关系，这种关系可以进行建模。此外，跨大西洋联合计划还允许利用额外的资金，促进跨界科学合作。
Nanotechnology has significant economic, health, and environmental benefits, including renewable energy and innovative environmental solutions. Manufactured nanoparticles have been incorporated into new materials and products because of their novel or enhanced properties. These very same properties also have prompted concerns about the potential environmental and human health hazard and risk posed by the manufactured nanomaterials. Appropriate risk management responses require the development of models capable of predicting the environmental and human health effects of the nanomaterials. Development of predictive models has been hampered by a lack of information concerning the environmental fate, behavior and effects of manufactured nanoparticles. The United Kingdom (UK) Environmental Nanoscience Initiative and the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency have developed an international research program to enhance the knowledgebase and develop risk-predicting models for manufactured nanoparticles. Here we report selected highlights of the program as it sought to maximize the complementary strengths of the transatlantic scientific communities by funding three integrated US-UK consortia to investigate the transformation of these nanoparticles in terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environment. Research results demonstrate there is a functional relationship between the physicochemical properties of environmentally transformed nanomaterials and their effects and that this relationship is amenable to modeling. In addition, the joint transatlantic program has allowed the leveraging of additional funding, promoting transboundary scientific collaboration.