The GRID: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure
The GRID: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure
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DOI：
10.12694/scpe.v3i3.192
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发表时间：
2000
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Marowka
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作者：
A. Marowka
由Tianruo Yang Kluwer学术出版商编辑，荷兰Dordrech，1999，248pp。ISBN0-7923-8588-8，$ 135.00这本书包含了贡献和邀请的论文的选择，以及呈现的论文，以及平行的计算计算和应用程序的工作室，在大规模平行的计算机上的前沿上的IEEE第七届研讨会（边界'99）1999年2月20日至25日在马里兰州的安纳波利斯。其主要目的是通过该领域的最新研究来更新平行数值算法的设计师和用户。涵盖了有关平行数值计算的广泛主题，并涵盖了一些更具挑战性的工程问题。使用广泛并行数值计算的平行算法设计师和工程师，以及计算机科学，科学计算，各种工程领域和应用数学的研究生，应该从阅读它中受益。第一部分是针对更大的受众群体的，并介绍了平行数值算法的论文。提出了两个新的库：pspasses和polapack。 Pspasses是平行直接求解器的集合，用于稀疏的对称正定线性系统，其特征在于高性能和良好的可扩展性。 Polapack库包含基于新的阻止策略的LU和QR码，该策略可确保良好的性能无论物理大小如何。接下来，描述了一种有效的方法，通过对角迭代的runge-kutta（Diirk）方法求解僵硬的普通微分方程。 Diirk由于功能评估数量减少和自动步骤控制机制而导致快速并行实现。最后，通过平行空间分解来寻找足够平滑的非线性功能的最小化。在这里，提出了问题的理论背景和两种等效算法。在接下来的三篇论文中对经典求解器的新研究方向进行了处理：首先，减少双缀合物梯度方法中的全局同步方法，其次，新的更有效的雅各比对多端口超启动的订购，最后，对理论分析的分析改进的准最低残留方法的改进版本。并行数值应用构成了本书的第二部分，其结果是流体力学，材料科学，信号和图像处理的应用，动态系统，半导体技术以及电子电路和系统设计的结果。除了一个例外，作者详细揭示了算法和数值结果的平行实现。首先，使用加法重叠域分解算法解决了3D弹性问题。其次，在平行求解器中使用重叠的网格技术，用于可压缩流问题。然后，引入了一种复杂的数值算法的并行版本，以解决在摩擦学中研究的润滑问题。接下来，提出了通过有限元方法平行计算腔流量的胆小方法。解决的问题对于当今的需求很小，最多只使用6个处理器。这也是唯一不呈现数值实验结果的论文。随后的章节中讨论的其余应用是：应用于超音速商业飞机的设计，大规模多学科设计优化问题，有关使用边界积分方法并行解决电磁散射问题的进度的报告，以及对对流的最佳解决方案 - 扩散方程对空气中污染物的浓度进行建模。这本书对与并行数值计算研究保持最新状态的读者具有明确的兴趣。主要目的是，在平行和分布式计算领域中，在科学和工程应用中，在平行和分布式计算领域的最新技术中提出了新颖的想法，结果和工作。但是，由于其内容，它不能用作计算机科学或工程课的教科书。总体而言，是专家和图书馆中保存的参考类型书，而不是要购买的书籍以自我引入该领域。介绍的大多数论文都是正在进行的研究结果，因此它们严重依赖以前的结果。另一方面，除了一个例外，论文中提出的结果是当前参与该领域的研究人员的重要信息来源。米歇尔·帕尔（Michelle Pal），洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室
Edited by Tianruo Yang Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrech, Netherlands, 1999, 248 pp. ISBN 0-7923-8588-8, $135.00 This book contains a selection of contributed and invited papers presented and the workshop Frontiers of Parallel Numerical Computations and Applications, in the IEEE 7th Symposium on the Frontiers on Massively Parallel Computers (Frontiers '99) at Annapolis, Maryland, February 20-25, 1999. Its main purpose is to update the designers and users of parallel numerical algorithms with the latest research in the field. A broad spectrum of topics on parallel numerical computations, with applications to some of the more challenging engineering problems, is covered. Parallel algorithm designers and engineers who use extensively parallel numerical computations, as well as graduate students in Computer Science, Scientific Computing, various engineering fields and applied mathematics should benefit from reading it. The first part is addressed to a larger audience and presents papers on parallel numerical algorithms. Two new libraries are presented: PSPASSES and PoLAPACK. PSPASSES is a collection of parallel direct solvers, for sparse symmetric positive definite linear systems, which are characterized by high performance and good scalability. PoLAPACK library contains LU and QR codes based on a new blocking strategy that guarantees good performance regardless of the physical block size. Next, an efficient approach to solving stiff ordinary differential equations by diagonal implicitly iterated Runge-Kutta (DIIRK) method is described. DIIRK renders a fast parallel implementation due to a reduced number of function evaluation and an automatic stepsize control mechanism. Finally, minimization of sufficiently smooth non-linear functionals is sought via parallel space decomposition. Here, a theoretical background of the problem and two equivalent algorithms are presented. New research directions for classical solvers are treated in the next three papers: first, reduction of the global synchronization in the biconjugate gradient method, second, a new more efficient Jacobi ordering for the multiple-port hypercubes, and finally, an analysis of the theoretical performance of an improved version of the Quasi-minimal residual method. Parallel numerical applications constitute the second part of the book, with results from fluid mechanics, material sciences, applications to signal and image processing, dynamic systems, semiconductor technology and electronic circuits and systems design. With one exception, the authors expose in detail parallel implementations of the algorithms and numerical results. First, a 3D-elasticity problem is solved using an additive overlapping domain decomposition algorithm. Second, an overlapping mesh technique is used in a parallel solver for the compressible flow problem. Then, a parallel version of a complex numerical algorithm to solve a lubrication problem studied in tribology is introduced. Next, a timid approach to parallel computing of the cavity flow by the finite element method is presented. The problem solved is rather small for today's needs and only up to 6 processors are used. This is also the only paper that does not present results from numerical experiments. The remaining applications discussed in the subsequent chapters are: large scale multidisciplinary design optimization problem with application to the design of a supersonic commercial aircraft, a report on progress in parallel solution of an electromagnetic scattering problem using boundary integral methods and an optimal solution to the convection-diffusion equation modeling the concentration of a pollutant in the air. The book is of definite interest to readers who keep up-to-date with the parallel numerical computation research. The main purpose, to present the novel ideas, results and work in progress and advancing state-of-the-art techniques in the area of parallel and distributed computing for numerical and computational optimization problems in scientific and engineering application is clearly achieved. However, due to its content it cannot serve as a textbook for a computer science or engineering class. Overall, is a reference type book to be kept by specialists and in a library rather than a book to be purchased for self-introduction to the field. Most of the papers presented are results of ongoing research and so they rely heavily on previous results. On the other hand, with only one exception, the results presented in the papers are a great source of information for the researchers currently involved in the field. Michelle Pal, Los Alamos National Laboratory