Role of yeast SNF and SWI proteins in transcriptional activation.
Role of yeast SNF and SWI proteins in transcriptional activation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1101/sqb.1993.058.01.030
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Laurent;I. Treich;M. Carlson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Laurent;I. Treich;M. Carlson
Activated transcription by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II requires general transcription factors and enhancer-binding activator proteins. Activators are thought to have roles in stabilizing or accelerating the assembly of the general transcription factors and in counteracting the repressive effects of histones (for review, see Kornberg and Lorch 1992; Zawel and Reinberg 1993). Other classes of intermediary proteins termed coactivators and co-antirepressors are often required (see Croston et al. 1992; Gill and Tjian 1992). In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the SNF/SWI proteins appear to play vital intermediary roles in stimulating transcription of many diversely regulated genes, and their function may be conserved among eukaryotes (for review, see Winston and Carlson 1992). This group of proteins includes SNF2/SWI2, SNF5, SNF6, SWI1, and SWI3. SNF2, SNF5, and SNF6 (sucrose nonfermenting) were first identified genetically as positive regulators of the gene encoding invertase, SUC2 (Neigeborn and Carlson 1984), and the SWI1, SWI2, and SWI3 proteins were identified by mutations that prevented induction of the HO gene, which is required for cell type switching (Stern et al. 1984; Breeden and Nasmyth 1987). The finding from sequence analysis that SNF2 and SWI2 are identical (Laurent et al. 1991; Yoshimoto and Yamashita 1991: K. Nasmyth, pers. comm.) provided the first clue that the SNF and SWI systems overlap. SNF5 is also probably identical to SWI10 (K. Nasmyth, pers. comm.). All five SNF/SWI genes are required for normal transcription of the SUC2, HO, ADH2 (alcohol dehydrogenase), and GALl (galactokinase) genes (Peterson and Herskowitz 1992). The expression of several other differently regulated genes has been shown to be dependent on the SNF/SWI proteins. SNF2/SWI2, SNF5, and SNF6 are required for Ty element transcription (Ciriacy et al. 1991; Happel et al, 1991), growth on nonfermentable carbon sources and sporulation (Neigeborn and Carlson 1984; Estruch and Carlson 1990), and expression of some cell-type-specific genes (Laurent et al. 1990) and acid phosphatase (Abrams et al. 1986). SNF2 and SNF5 also affect protease B ex-
