Global constitutionalism, applied to global health governance: uncovering legitimacy deficits and suggesting remedies
Global constitutionalism, applied to global health governance: uncovering legitimacy deficits and suggesting remedies
复制标题
全球宪政应用于全球卫生治理：揭示合法性缺陷并提出补救措施
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
R. Hammonds
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Ooms;R. Hammonds
背景全球宪政是一种看待世界的方式，看待全球规则及其制定方式，就好像有一部全球宪法，授权全球机构充当全球政府，制定约束所有国家和人民的规则。本文运用全球宪政来研究全球卫生治理如何以及为什么在目前的结构下难以推进健康权，这是《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》所规定的一项基本人权义务。它首先审查了全球卫生治理架构的核心结构及其自第二次世界大战以来的演变。其次，它确定了与全球卫生治理架构核心结构的全球宪政评估相关的主要宪政原则。最后，它应用这些宪政原则来评估全球卫生治理架构的核心结构。讨论领先的全球卫生机构在结构上是倾斜的，以保持高收入国家对跨国规则制定权的不成比例的影响，并倾向于将传染病控制置于全面实现健康权之上。结论《全球卫生框架公约》可以在全球卫生治理中创造经典的权力划分，世卫组织作为全球卫生治理的立法权，全球卫生基金作为执行权，国际法院作为司法权。
BackgroundGlobal constitutionalism is a way of looking at the world, at global rules and how they are made, as if there was a global constitution, empowering global institutions to act as a global government, setting rules which bind all states and people.AnalysisThis essay employs global constitutionalism to examine how and why global health governance, as currently structured, has struggled to advance the right to health, a fundamental human rights obligation enshrined in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. It first examines the core structure of the global health governance architecture, and its evolution since the Second World War. Second, it identifies the main constitutionalist principles that are relevant for a global constitutionalism assessment of the core structure of the global health governance architecture. Finally, it applies these constitutionalist principles to assess the core structure of the global health governance architecture.DiscussionLeading global health institutions are structurally skewed to preserve high incomes countries’ disproportionate influence on transnational rule-making authority, and tend to prioritise infectious disease control over the comprehensive realisation of the right to health.ConclusionA Framework Convention on Global Health could create a classic division of powers in global health governance, with WHO as the law-making power in global health governance, a global fund for health as the executive power, and the International Court of Justice as the judiciary power.