Genomically correlated trait combinations and antagonistic selection contributing to counterintuitive genetic patterns of adaptive diapause divergence in Rhagoletis flies
Genomically correlated trait combinations and antagonistic selection contributing to counterintuitive genetic patterns of adaptive diapause divergence in Rhagoletis flies
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.13952
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发表时间：
2021-11-18
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ragland，Gregory J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvert，McCall B.;Doellman，Meredith M.;Ragland，Gregory J.
对新环境的适应可能导致对选择的意想不到的基因组反应。在这里，我们说明了如何多样的，相关的选择有助于解释一个违反直觉的模式之间的遗传分歧最近派生的苹果和祖先山楂-侵扰的主机种族的苹果小蠹（双翅目：实蝇科）。苹果寄主品种比山楂寄主品种更早地结束滞育并在季节中成为成虫，这与它们的苹果寄主更早的结果物候相一致。然而，在许多位点的等位基因与后来出现的矛盾发生在同域群体的苹果相比，山楂种族的频率更高。我们目前的基因组证据表明，历史选择在地理上不同的环境梯度在北美产生的遗传相关性之间的两个生活史性状，滞育强度和滞育终止，在山楂宿主种族。此外，与这些生活史性状相关的基因座集中在高连锁不平衡（LD）的基因组区域。这些遗传相关性是对立的当代选择当地苹果寄主种群，有利于增加初始滞育深度和早期，而不是后来，滞育终止。因此，矛盾的苹果苍蝇出现，部分原因是多效性或连锁等位基因与成年后出现和增加初始滞育强度，后者的特点强烈选择了早期的苹果物候。我们的研究结果表明，了解多变量性状组合和选择力的相关性，可以提高预测适应性进化，并有助于解释看似违反直觉的模式，在nature.AbstractAdaptation新的环境可以产生意想不到的基因组选择的反应。在这里，我们表明，与两个独立的生命周期定时性状相关的基因座的纬度变化支持的假设，即历史，地理选择在祖先山楂种族ofRhagoletis pomonella青睐的性状组合和形状的遗传变异，是部分拮抗选择的方向上派生的苹果种族。
Adaptation to novel environments can result in unanticipated genomic responses to selection. Here, we illustrate how multifarious, correlational selection helps explain a counterintuitive pattern of genetic divergence between the recently derived apple‐ and ancestral hawthorn‐infesting host races ofRhagoletis pomonella(Diptera: Tephritidae). The apple host race terminates diapause and emerges as adults earlier in the season than the hawthorn host race, to coincide with the earlier fruiting phenology of their apple hosts. However, alleles at many loci associated with later emergence paradoxically occur at higher frequencies in sympatric populations of the apple compared to the hawthorn race. We present genomic evidence that historical selection over geographically varying environmental gradients across North America generated genetic correlations between two life history traits, diapause intensity and diapause termination, in the hawthorn host race. Moreover, the loci associated with these life history traits are concentrated in genomic regions in high linkage disequilibrium (LD). These genetic correlations are antagonistic to contemporary selection on local apple host race populations that favours increased initial diapause depth and earlier, not later, diapause termination. Thus, the paradox of apple flies appears due, in part, to pleiotropy or linkage of alleles associated with later adult emergence and increased initial diapause intensity, the latter trait strongly selected for by the earlier phenology of apples. Our results demonstrate how understanding of multivariate trait combinations and the correlative nature of selective forces acting on them can improve predictions concerning adaptive evolution and help explain seemingly counterintuitive patterns of genetic diversity in nature.AbstractAdaptation to novel environments can produce unanticipated genomic responses to selection. Here, we show that latitudinal variation in loci associated with two independent life cycle timing traits supports the hypothesis that historic, geographic selection in the ancestral hawthorn race ofRhagoletis pomonellahas favored trait combinations and shaped genetic variation that is partially antagonistic to the direction of selection on the derived apple race.