Exposures Recorded for Participants in the UK Chemical Warfare Agent Human Research Programme, 1941-1989
Exposures Recorded for Participants in the UK Chemical Warfare Agent Human Research Programme, 1941-1989
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DOI：
10.1093/annhyg/men040
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Venables, K. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keegan, T. J.;Walker, S. A. S.;Venables, K. M.
目的：这项研究描述了1941年至1989年期间参加英国波顿当研究的退伍军人的接触情况，该研究旨在研究接触化学战剂的影响以及对这些战剂的防御。这项研究是一个流行病学研究计划的一部分，开始在响应服务退伍军人的关注，他们的participation.Methods可能的长期健康影响：所有条目在97本书中举行的Porton Down的历史实验档案，涵盖了1939年至1989年进行了审查。对于1941年4月至1989年12月之间的测试，数据被抽象的化学品使用，与其他细节抽象的测试涉及发泡剂和神经毒剂。对于测试记录在1939-1941年，类似的数据被抽象为一个有代表性的样本tests.Results：历史数据被抽象为17303退伍军人包括在队列研究的18276名军人谁参加了测试在1941年和1989年之间在波顿下来。每名退伍军人进行测试的平均天数为2天。测试的最后一天和第一天之间的中位差为4天。在此期间测试了大量化学品（n = 492）。测试的化学品类型随着时间的推移而变化。暴露通常会通过使用呼吸器或使用防护服或防护设备来改变。有可能对73%暴露于起泡剂硫芥-025EF3491（34%）的退伍军人的累积暴露量进行定量测量，暴露于神经毒剂沙林-025EF658（29%）的退伍军人的累积暴露量>= 10.63 mg，暴露于神经毒剂沙林-025EF658（29%）的退伍军人的累积暴露量>= 15.0 mg min m（-3）。93%暴露于硫芥的退伍军人被归类为皮肤效应的半定量量表-025 EF 3771（37%）有水泡或坏死区域，69%暴露于沙林的退伍军人可以通过血液胆碱酯酶活性的变化进行分类-025 EF 1033（31%）胆碱酯酶活性抑制>= 30%。波顿当的实验档案被证明是1941年至1989年进行的测试的丰富数据来源。可以根据测试日期、化学类别、化学品、保护类型以及某些化学品的接触程度和/或急性毒性程度对大多数退伍军人进行分类。这些分类已被用于将退伍军人分配到暴露组进行流行病学分析。
Objectives: This study describes exposures to military veterans who participated between 1941 and 1989 in British research at Porton Down on the effects of exposure to chemical warfare agents and to defences against those agents. The study is part of a programme of epidemiological research initiated in response to service veterans' concerns about possible long-term health effects of their participation.Methods: All entries in 97 books held in the Porton Down historical experimental archive covering the years 1939-1989 were reviewed. For tests between April 1941 and December 1989, data were abstracted on chemicals used, with additional detail abstracted for tests involving vesicants and nerve agents. For tests recorded during 1939-1941, similar data were abstracted for a representative sample of tests.Results: Historical data were abstracted for 17 303 veterans included in the cohort study of 18 276 servicemen who took part in tests at Porton Down between 1941 and 1989. The median number of days per veteran on which tests were carried out was 2 days. The median difference between the last and first day of testing was 4 days. A large number of chemicals were tested over this period (n = 492). The type of chemical tested varied over time. Exposures were often modified by respirator use or use of protective clothing or protective equipment. It was possible to assign a quantitative measure of cumulative exposure to 73% of veterans exposed to the vesicant sulphur mustard-025EF3491 (34%) of exposed veterans had cumulative exposures >= 10.63 mg and for 70% of veterans exposed to the nerve agent sarin-025EF658 (29%) of exposed veterans had cumulative exposures >= 15.0 mg min m(-3). Ninety-three per cent of veterans exposed to sulphur mustard were classified to a semi-quantitative scale of dermal effect-025EF3771 (37%) had a vesicle or necrosed area, and 69% of veterans exposed to sarin could be categorized by change in blood cholinesterase activity-025EF1033 (31%) had a depression in cholinesterase activity of >= 30%.Conclusions: The experimental archive at Porton Down has proved to be a rich source of data on tests conducted between 1941 and 1989. It has been possible to categorize most veterans according to date of test, chemical group, chemical, type of protection and, for certain chemicals, level of exposure and/or degree of acute toxicity. These categorizations have been used to assign veterans to exposure groups for epidemiological analysis.