Novelty Before or After Word Learning Does Not Affect Subsequent Memory Performance
Novelty Before or After Word Learning Does Not Affect Subsequent Memory Performance
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01379
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发表时间：
2019-06-27
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bunzeck, Nico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Biel, Davina;Bunzeck, Nico
在人类中，在编码单词之前，接触新的图像和探索新的虚拟环境可以改善随后的记忆表现。动物研究显示，在学习之前和之后，新奇感都有类似的效果，这可能表明，依赖于多巴胺能神经调节的多巴胺能神经调节起着重要作用。在这里，我们进一步研究了新奇对人类长期记忆的影响，使用一种新的范式，采用短序列的自然电影之前或学习不相关的单词后的两个时间点。由于新奇事物的处理与多巴胺释放到海马体有关，我们假设新奇事物的接触主要影响海马体依赖性记忆（即，回忆）而不是与校园无关的记忆（即，熟悉）。我们在三个实验中测试了182名健康的人类受试者，包括一个单词学习任务，然后是一个为期1天的延迟识别任务。重要的是，参与者在三个时间点接触小说（NOV）或熟悉的电影（FAM）：（实验1）直接编码后的单词列表，（实验2）编码后15分钟，（实验3）编码前15分钟。正如预期的那样，小说电影被认为更有趣，并导致更好的情绪。在单词识别过程中，反应时间更快的记忆相比，熟悉的反应在所有三个实验中，但这种效果是不调制的新奇。与我们的主要假设相反，编码之前或之后的新奇性对随后的单词识别没有影响，包括回忆和熟悉度得分。因此，在没有主动任务的情况下，接触新电影不会影响人类对单词的长期识别记忆。
In humans, exposure to novel images and exploration of novel virtual environments before the encoding of words improved subsequent memory performance. Animal studies revealed similar effects of novelty, both before and after learning, and could show that hippocampus-dependent dopaminergic neuromodulation plays an important role. Here, we further investigated the effects of novelty on long-term memory in humans using a novel paradigm employing short sequences of nature movies presented either before or at two time points after learning of unrelated words. Since novelty processing is associated with a release of dopamine into the hippocampus, we hypothesized that novelty exposure primarily affects hippocampus-dependent memory (i.e., recollection) but not hippocampus-independent memory (i.e., familiarity). We tested 182 healthy human subjects in three experiments including a word-learning task followed by a 1-day delayed recognition task. Importantly, participants were exposed to novel (NOV) or familiar movies (FAM) at three time points: (experiment 1) directly after encoding of the word list, (experiment 2) 15 min after encoding, (experiment 3) 15 min prior to encoding. As expected, novel movies were perceived as more interesting and led to better mood. During word recognition, reaction times were faster for remember as compared to familiarity responses in all three experiments, but this effect was not modulated by novelty. In contrast to our main hypothesis, there was no effect of novelty - before or after encoding - on subsequent word recognition, including recollection and familiarity scores. Therefore, an exposure to novel movies without an active task does not affect hippocampus-dependent and hippocampus-independent long-term recognition memory for words in humans.