Can macrophyte harvesting from eutrophic water close the loop on nutrient loss from agricultural land?
Can macrophyte harvesting from eutrophic water close the loop on nutrient loss from agricultural land?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.046
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
R. Quilliam;Melanie van Niekerk;D. Chadwick;P. Cross;N. Hanley;Davey L. Jones;A. Vinten;N. Willby;D. Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Quilliam;Melanie van Niekerk;D. Chadwick;P. Cross;N. Hanley;Davey L. Jones;A. Vinten;N. Willby;D. Oliver
富营养化是一个主要的水污染问题，可导致水生植物生物量（APB）过度增长。然而，将营养物质同化为 APB 为其回收和再利用提供了重要目标，并且在受影响的淡水体中收获有问题的 APB 为水生恢复提供了一种补充方法，这可能会带来多种更广泛的生态系统效益。这篇批判性评论对通过收获 APB 进行回收和再利用作为肥料和土壤改良剂从受农业影响的水体中回收养分相关的机会和风险进行了评估。通过评估“废物”资源回收过程的经济、社会、环境和健康相关方面，我们提出了一项研究议程，以实现养分从土地到水的转移闭环。我们发现，环境效益很少（如果有的话）被优先考虑为从废物中开发资源的基本标准，但这对于解决当前的不平衡问题至关重要，因为环境管理者经常低估资源回收之外可能产生的更广泛的环境效益。我们提倡的回收“废弃”APB营养物的方法是将富营养化水体的修复与饲料和肥料的可持续生产结合起来，同时提供多种下游效益并最大限度地减少环境权衡。这种综合的“生态系统服务方法”有可能全面关闭农业养分流失的循环，从而可持续地回收废物中的磷等有限资源。
Eutrophication is a major water pollution issue and can lead to excessive growth of aquatic plant biomass (APB). However, the assimilation of nutrients into APB provides a significant target for their recovery and reuse, and harvesting problematic APB in impacted freshwater bodies offers a complementary approach to aquatic restoration, which could potentially deliver multiple wider ecosystem benefits. This critical review provides an assessment of opportunities and risks linked to nutrient recovery from agriculturally impacted water-bodies through the harvesting of APB for recycling and reuse as fertilisers and soil amendments. By evaluating the economic, social, environmental and health-related dimensions of this resource recovery from ‘waste’ process we propose a research agenda for closing the loop on nutrient transfer from land to water. We identify that environmental benefits are rarely, if ever, prioritised as essential criteria for the exploitation of resources from waste and yet this is key for addressing the current imbalance that sees environmental managers routinely undervaluing the wider environmental benefits that may accrue beyond resource recovery. The approach we advocate for the recycling of ‘waste’ APB nutrients is to couple the remediation of eutrophic waters with the sustainable production of feed and fertiliser, whilst providing multiple downstream benefits and minimising environmental trade-offs. This integrated ‘ecosystem services approach’ has the potential to holistically close the loop on agricultural nutrient loss, and thus sustainably recover finite resources such as phosphorus from waste.