Soil carbon quality and nitrogen fertilization structure bacterial communities with predictable responses of major bacterial phyla
Soil carbon quality and nitrogen fertilization structure bacterial communities with predictable responses of major bacterial phyla
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.06.003
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hallin, Sara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cederlund, Harald;Wessen, Ella;Hallin, Sara
农业生产对土壤生态系统的影响是多方面的，土壤微生物群落是衡量土壤状况的一个综合动态指标。我们的目的是测试土壤细菌群落和主要细菌门的相对丰度是否可预测地响应于代表不同碳质量（泥炭和秸秆）与氮肥水平相结合的长期有机添加剂，如果某些细菌群指示特定的治疗。我们假设，长期的治疗创造了明显不同的生态位土壤细菌，无论是快速增长的共生细菌，或缓慢增长的寡营养细菌。基于末端限制性片段长度多态性的16S rRNA基因从总土壤细菌群落和类群特异性定量实时PCR的7个不同的群体，所有的治疗显着影响的社会结构，但氮肥是最重要的驱动力的变化所研究的类群的相对丰度。根据指示种分析，这种变化在很大程度上是由酸杆菌，芽单胞菌和Verrucomicrobia与氮肥的相对丰度下降解释的。条件更有利于共生生活的策略表明，在这些地块的降低代谢商，即基础呼吸速率和土壤生物量之间的比率。除了与泥炭显着相关的Alphaproteobacteria，没有分类群的有机修正案的指示一般。然而，几个显着的指标，泥炭和秸秆被确定之间的终端限制性片段，这表明有机修订引起的变化主要表现在较低的分类水平。我们的研究结果加强了这样一个命题，即某些较高的细菌类群适应在生态上一致的方式，以应对受精引起的变化。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Agricultural practices affect the soil ecosystem in multiple ways and the soil microbial communities represent an integrated and dynamic measure of soil status. Our aim was to test whether the soil bacterial community and the relative abundance of major bacterial phyla responded predictably to long-term organic amendments representing different carbon qualities (peat and straw) in combination with nitrogen fertilization levels and if certain bacterial groups were indicative of specific treatments. We hypothesized that the long-term treatments had created distinctly different ecological niches for soil bacteria, suitable for either fast-growing copiotrophic bacteria, or slow-growing oligotrophic bacteria. Based on terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S rRNA genes from the total soil bacterial community and taxa-specific quantitative real-time PCR of seven different groups, all treatments significantly affected the community structure, but nitrogen fertilization was the most important driver for changes in the relative abundances of the studied taxa. According to an indicator species analysis, the changes were largely explained by the decline in the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia with nitrogen fertilization. Conditions more favourable for copiotrophic life strategies were indicated in these plots by the decreased metabolic quotient, i.e. the ratio between basal respiration rate and soil biomass. Apart from the Alphaproteobacteria that were significantly associated with peat, no taxa were indicative of organic amendment in general. However, several significant indicators of both peat and straw were identified among the terminal restriction fragments suggesting that changes induced by the organic amendments were mainly manifested at a lower taxonomical level. Our findings strengthen the proposition that certain higher bacterial taxa adapt in an ecologically coherent way in response to changes induced by fertilization. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.