Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, an immunofluorescent-antibody test, and two rapid tests (immunochromatographic-dipstick and gel tests) for serological diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic Leishmania infections in dogs
Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, an immunofluorescent-antibody test, and two rapid tests (immunochromatographic-dipstick and gel tests) for serological diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic Leishmania infections in dogs
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.43.11.5515-5519.2005
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Deplazes, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mettler, M;Grimm, F;Deplazes, P
基于源自婴儿利什曼原虫前鞭毛体或无鞭毛体样阶段的可溶性抗原和重组 rK39 抗原的酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)，每种抗原与不同的缀合物 [抗免疫球蛋白 G1 [IgG1]、抗 IgG2、抗 IgG(gamma) 和抗 IgG 重加轻链] 组合，与免疫荧光抗体测试 (IFAT) 和两种市售快速测试进行比较系统（DiaMed-Vet-IT Leish 和 ID-PaGIA 犬利什曼病抗体检测）用于检测已证实感染婴儿利什曼原虫的有症状和无症状犬的特异性抗利什曼原虫抗体。基于可溶性前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体抗原的 ELISA 在有症状的狗 (n = 30; 100%) 和无症状的狗 (n = 17; 94.1 至 100%) 中具有非常高的灵敏度，除非与抗 IgG1 缀合物结合使用 (41.2 至 82.4%)。所有组合的特异性都很高（n = 50；96% 至 100%）。 rK39 ELISA 检测到的无症状病例较少（敏感性为 52.9% 至 64.7%），但特异性很高（96% 至 100%）。 IFAT 对有症状的狗的敏感性为 90%，但对无症状的狗的敏感性明显较低 (29.4%)。然而，它具有极好的特异性（100%）。基于 rK39 抗原的快速检测的测试性能与基于相同抗原的 ELISA 相当。基于可溶性前鞭毛体或无鞭毛体抗原的 ELISA 似乎最适合对有症状和无症状的犬利什曼原虫感染进行血清学诊断。 IFAT 和 rK39 ELISA 对无症状病例缺乏敏感性，但具有高度特异性。 rK39 试纸测试或 ID-PaGIA 等快速测试有助于确认临床疑似病例，因为它们在有症状动物中具有高度特异性。
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on soluble antigens derived from promastigote or amastigote-like stages of Leishmania infantum and on the recombinant rK39 antigen, each in combination with different conjugates [anti-immunoglobulin G1 [IgG1], anti-IgG2, anti-IgG(gamma), and anti-IgG heavy plus light chains], were compared to an immunofluorescent-antibody test (IFAT) and two commercially available rapid test systems (DiaMed-Vet-IT Leish and ID-PaGIA canine leishmaniasis antibody test) for the detection of specific anti-Leishmania antibodies in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs with proven L. infantum infections. ELISAs based on soluble promastigote and amastigote antigens had very high sensitivities in symptomatic (n = 30; 100%) and asymptomatic dogs (n = 17; 94.1 to 100%), except when combined with the anti-IgG1 conjugate (41.2 to 82.4%). Specificities were high for all combinations (n = 50; 96 to 100%). The rK39 ELISA detected fewer asymptomatic cases (sensitivities, 52.9 to 64.7%) but was highly specific (96 to 100%). The IFAT was 90% sensitive in symptomatic dogs but was significantly less sensitive in asymptomatic cases (29.4%). However, it had an excellent specificity (100%). Test performances of the rapid tests based on the rK39 antigen were comparable to the ELISAs based on the same antigen. ELISAs based on soluble promastigote or amastigote antigens seem to be most suited for the serological diagnosis of canine Leishmania infections in both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. IFAT and the rK39 ELISA lack sensitivity in asymptomatic cases but are highly specific. Rapid tests like the rK39 dipstick test or the ID-PaGIA are helpful for confirming clinically suspected cases because of their high specificities in symptomatic animals.