Identification of IL-34 in teleost fish: differential expression of rainbow trout IL-34, MCSF1 and MCSF2, ligands of the MCSF receptor.
Identification of IL-34 in teleost fish: differential expression of rainbow trout IL-34, MCSF1 and MCSF2, ligands of the MCSF receptor.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molimm.2012.09.008
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Tiehui Wang;T. Kono;M. Monte;Haruka Kuse;M. M. Costa-M.;H. Korenaga;T. Maehr;Mansourah Husain;M. Sakai;C. Secombes
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文献类型：
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作者：
Tiehui Wang;T. Kono;M. Monte;Haruka Kuse;M. M. Costa-M.;H. Korenaga;T. Maehr;Mansourah Husain;M. Sakai;C. Secombes
单核吞噬细胞系统由单核细胞、巨噬细胞和树突状细胞组成，并且在炎症、自身免疫、感染、癌症、器官移植和维持生物体内平衡中具有关键作用。白细胞介素-34（IL-34）和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（MCSF）均通过MCSF受体发出信号，调节单核吞噬细胞系统。单个IL-34和MCSF基因存在于四足动物中。硬骨鱼中存在两种类型的MCSF，这是由硬骨鱼全基因组复制引起的。在这份报告中，我们首先确定和序列分析了六个IL-34基因的硬骨鱼，虹鳟鱼，河豚，大西洋鲑鱼，鲶鱼和斑马鱼。鱼类IL-34分子在鱼类组内具有较高的同源性，但与鸟类（27.2-33.8%）和哺乳动物（22.2-31.4%）的IL-34分子的同源性较低。然而，它们在系统发育树分析中与四足体IL-34分子分组，具有相似的7外显子/6内含子基因组织，并且IL-34位点中的基因是共线保守的。此外，四个主要螺旋的区域，沿着与一个关键的N-糖基化位点是很保守的。总之，这些数据表明，在本报告中描述的硬骨鱼IL-34基因是四足动物IL-34的直向同源物。对三种鳟鱼MCSFR配体的比较表达研究表明，IL-34、MCSF 1和MCSF 2在组织和细胞系中差异表达。MCSF 1和MCSF 2的表达在不同组织和细胞系中表现出很大的差异，表明在特定位置的特定巨噬细胞谱系的分化和维持中的作用。在不同组织中IL-34表达的相对高水平表明IL-34对鱼中巨噬细胞谱系的稳态作用。在本研究中的一个引人注目的观察是缺乏MCSF 1和MCSF 2表达的诱导，但在虹鳟鱼的细胞系和初级头肾巨噬细胞中，PAMP和炎性细胞因子快速诱导IL-34表达。在寄生性增生性肾病（PKD）模型中，IL-34的表达而不是优势MCSF 2的表达受到PKD的影响，表明巨噬细胞功能参与该疾病模型。因此，IL-34表达对炎性刺激敏感，并且一旦上调就可以调节巨噬细胞生物学。
The mononuclear phagocyte system is composed of monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells and has crucial roles in inflammation, autoimmunity, infection, cancer, organ transplantation and in maintaining organismal homeostasis. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF), both signalling through the MCSF receptor, regulate the mononuclear phagocyte system. A single IL-34 and MCSF gene are present in tetrapods. Two types of MCSF exist in teleost fish which is resulted from teleost-wide whole genome duplication. In this report, we first identified and sequence analysed six IL-34 genes in five teleost fish, rainbow trout, fugu, Atlantic salmon, catfish and zebrafish. The fish IL-34 molecules had a higher identity within fish group but low identities to IL-34s from birds (27.2–33.8%) and mammals (22.2–31.4%). However, they grouped with tetrapod IL-34 molecules in phylogenetic tree analysis, had a similar 7 exon/6 intron gene organisation, and genes in the IL-34 loci were syntenically conserved. In addition, the regions of the four main helices, along with a critical N-glycosylation site were well conserved. Taken together these data suggest that the teleost IL-34 genes described in this report are orthologues of tetrapod IL-34. Comparative expression study of the three trout MCSFR ligands revealed that IL-34, MCSF1 and MCSF2 are differentially expressed in tissues and cell lines. The expression of MCSF1 and MCSF2 showed great variance in different tissues and cell lines, suggesting a role in the differentiation and maintenance of specific macrophage lineages in specific locations. The relatively high levels of IL-34 expression across different tissues suggests a homeostatic role of IL-34 for the macrophage lineage in fish. One striking observation in the present study was the lack of induction of MCSF1 and MCSF2 expression but the quick induction of IL-34 expression by PAMPs and inflammatory cytokines in cell lines and primary head kidney macrophages in rainbow trout. In a parasitic proliferative kidney disease (PKD) model, the expression of IL-34 but not the dominant MCSF2 was affected by PKD, suggesting an involvement of macrophage function in this disease model. Thus IL-34 expression is sensitive to inflammatory stimuli and may regulate macrophage biology once up-regulated.