Natural Gas Operations from a Public Health Perspective
Natural Gas Operations from a Public Health Perspective
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DOI：
10.1080/10807039.2011.605662
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Bachran, Mary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colborn, Theo;Kwiatkowski, Carol;Bachran, Mary
回收天然气的技术取决于未公开的有毒化学物质的类型和数量。编制了一份944种产品的清单，其中包括天然气作业中使用的632种化学品。进行了文献检索，以确定化学文摘社（CAS）编号确定的353种化学品的潜在健康影响。超过75%的化学物质会影响皮肤，眼睛和其他感觉器官，以及呼吸和胃肠道系统。大约40-50%可能影响大脑/神经系统、免疫和心血管系统以及肾脏; 37%可能影响内分泌系统; 25%可能导致癌症和突变。这些结果表明，在天然气作业的压裂和钻井阶段使用的许多化学品可能会对健康产生长期影响，但不会立即表现出来。此外，还提供了一个废物蒸发坑残余物的例子，其中含有《综合环境反应、赔偿和责任法》和《应急规划和社区知情权法》危险物质清单上的许多化学品。讨论强调了制定有效的水质监测方案的困难。为了保护公众健康，我们建议充分披露所有产品的内容，广泛的空气和水监测，协调环境/人类健康研究，并根据美国《石油法》对压裂进行监管。S.《安全饮用水法》。
The technology to recover natural gas depends on undisclosed types and amounts of toxic chemicals. A list of 944 products containing 632 chemicals used during natural gas operations was compiled. Literature searches were conducted to determine potential health effects of the 353 chemicals identified by Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) numbers. More than 75% of the chemicals could affect the skin, eyes, and other sensory organs, and the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Approximately 40-50% could affect the brain/nervous system, immune and cardiovascular systems, and the kidneys; 37% could affect the endocrine system; and 25% could cause cancer and mutations. These results indicate that many chemicals used during the fracturing and drilling stages of gas operations may have long-term health effects that are not immediately expressed. In addition, an example was provided of waste evaporation pit residuals that contained numerous chemicals on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) lists of hazardous substances. The discussion highlights the difficulty of developing effective water quality monitoring programs. To protect public health we recommend full disclosure of the contents of all products, extensive air and water monitoring, coordinated environmental/human health studies, and regulation of fracturing under the U. S. Safe Drinking Water Act.