PEPTIDES AND GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSAL INTEGRITY
PEPTIDES AND GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSAL INTEGRITY
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DOI：
10.1136/gut.37.5.595
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发表时间：
1995-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
24.5
通讯作者：
PLAYFORD, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PLAYFORD, RJ
胃肠道上皮对鲁米酸、蛋白水解酶和有害物质的摄取起着重要的屏障作用。这种屏障功能依赖于上皮细胞的持续更新，在胃和结肠中，依赖于覆盖在上面的粘液凝胶的存在。胃肠道上皮是体内增殖最快的组织之一，在细胞的产生、迁移和表面脱落的速率上存在着动态平衡。当粘膜损伤发生时，通常通过增加细胞迁移和增殖的组合来迅速修复。目前的研究表明，多种多肽是维持和恢复胃肠粘膜完整性的核心。然而，这些单独的多肽在粘膜完整性和修复的总体控制中的功能一直很难理解，因为产生的部位、作用机制和粘膜损伤区域的浓度变化因所检查的多肽而异。因此，根据它们在体内的功能对这些多肽进行分类是有用的：粘膜完整多肽--如转化生长因子a和胰腺分泌型胰蛋白酶抑制物，它们在整个胃肠道的粘膜中结构性表达，并发挥维持正常粘膜完整性的作用。管腔监视多肽--如持续分泌到管腔内的表皮生长因子，可能只对粘膜破裂后的粘膜修复有重要的刺激作用。快速反应多肽--如三叶多肽家族中的一员，其产量在损伤部位迅速上调，在粘膜修复的早期阶段可能具有特别重要的作用。
The gastrointestinal epithelium plays a vital part as a barrier against luminal acid, proteolytic enzymes, and ingested noxious agents. This barrier function is dependent on constant renewal of the epithelium and, in the stomach and colon, on the presence of an overlying adherent mucus gel. The epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the most rapidly proliferating tissues in the body with a dynamic equilibrium existing in the rates of cell production, migration, and surface shedding. When a mucosal injury occurs, it is generally rapidly repaired by a combination of increased cell migration and proliferation. Current research implicates a variety of peptides as central to the maintenance and restoration of gastro-intestinal mucosal integrity. It has been difficult to under-stand, however, the function of these individual peptides in the overall control of mucosal integrity and repair because the site of production, mechanism of action, and change in concentration in areas of mucosal injury varies according to the peptide examined. It is therefore useful to categorise these peptides according to their function in vivo: Mucosal integrity peptides-such as transforming growth factor a and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor, which are constitutively expressed in the mucosa throughout the gastrointestinal tract and which function to maintain normal mucosal integrity. Luminal surveillance peptides-such as epidermal growth factor, which is continuously secreted into the lumen butis probably only of major importance in the stimulation of mucosal repair following a breach in the mucosa. Rapid response peptides-such as spasmolytic polypeptide, a member of the trefoil peptide family, whose production is rapidly upregulated at sites of damage and is probably of particular importance in the early stages of mucosal repair.