Faktizität, Wahrheit, Erwünschtheit: Negation, Negationsfokus und "Verum"-Fokus im Deutschen
Faktizität, Wahrheit, Erwünschtheit: Negation, Negationsfokus und "Verum"-Fokus im Deutschen
复制标题
Faktizität、Wahrheit、Erwünschtheit：否定、Negationsfokus 和“Verum”-Fokus im Deutschen
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hardarik Blühdorn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hardarik Blühdorn
本文讨论了德语句子信息结构中的三个相互关联的现象：否定标记的聚焦、限定动词形式的聚焦以及助词ja、doch、Wohl和Schon的聚焦。正如Hohle(1988)所描述的那样，限定动词的焦点是动词焦点最重要的标记。为了类似的目的，助词的聚焦可以是一种替代手段，而否定的聚焦似乎是动词焦点的矛盾对立面。研究表明，否定--与其信息结构状态无关--可以在三个不同的句子意义层面上被解释：作为事件状态的非真实性的指示器，作为命题的非真实性的指示器，或作为言语行为的非合意性的指示器。对否定标记的聚焦把对比的重点放在这些层面上赋予句子意义的负值上。Vum Focus可以在相同的三个层面上解释：作为对比强调事实、真理或可取性的积极价值的标记。助词ja、doch、Wohl和Schon指的是赋予正值或负值的充分的认知或相互作用的条件。通过聚焦这样的助词，演讲者表示(S)他认为分配的值是合理的，并坚持将其建立为进一步互动的共同点。
This article deals with three interrelated phenoma in the information structure of German sentences: the focusing of negative markers, of finite verb forms and of the particles ja, doch, wohl and schon. Focusing of the finite verb is the most important marker of verum focus, as described by Hohle (1988). Focusing of particles can be an alternative means for similar purposes, while focusing of negation seems to be the contradictory opposite of verum focus. It is shown that negation- independently of its information structural status - can be interpreted on three distinct levels of sentence meaning: as an indicator of the non-facticity of a state of affairs, the non-truth of a proposition, or the non-desirability of a speech act. Focusing of the negative marker puts contrastive emphasis on the negative value assigned to sentence meaning on one of these levels. Ve rum focus can be interpreted on the same three levels: as a marker of contrastive emphasis on a positive value of facticity, truth or desirability. The particles ja, doch, wohl and schon refer to sufficient epistemic or interactional conditions for the assignment of a positive or negative value. By focusing such a particle, the speaker indicates that (s)he believes the assigned value to be well justified and insists on establishing it as common ground for further interaction.