Optimized Modeling and Design of a PCM-Enhanced H2 Storage
Optimized Modeling and Design of a PCM-Enhanced H2 Storage
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DOI：
10.3390/en14061554
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Falcucci, Giacomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Facci, Andrea Luigi;Lauricella, Marco;Falcucci, Giacomo
热能和机械能存储对于有效利用可再生能源、从而促进向可持续经济的过渡至关重要。氢基系统是最有前途的电能存储解决方案之一。然而，一些技术和经济障碍（例如高成本、低能量和功率密度、先进的材料要求）仍然阻碍了此类解决方案的推广。类似地，通过相变材料实现潜热存储特别有吸引力，因为它除了允许在（几乎）恒定的温度下存储熔化热之外，还提供高能量密度。在本文中，我们提出了将金属氢化物 H-2 罐与潜热存储器耦合的挑战，以提高整体功率密度并实现系统温度的被动控制。开发了一种基于混合格子玻尔兹曼相场 (LB-PF) 算法的高度灵活的数值求解器，通过研究类石蜡材料的熔化和凝固过程来辅助混合 PCM-MH 储罐的设计。本方法用于模拟相变材料 (PCM) 中 H-2 加载过程中氢化物释放的热量的存储。努塞尔数的结果用于设计基于 H-2 的能源系统的增强型金属氢化物存储，与可靠且具有成本效益的“氢经济”相关。所开发的数值模型在案例研究中的应用证明了所提出设计的可行性。具体来说，相变材料的应用显着增加了金属氢化物表面的热通量，从而提高了整个系统的功率密度。
Thermal and mechanical energy storage is pivotal for the effective exploitation of renewable energy sources, thus fostering the transition to a sustainable economy. Hydrogen-based systems are among the most promising solutions for electrical energy storage. However, several technical and economic barriers (e.g., high costs, low energy and power density, advanced material requirements) still hinder the diffusion of such solutions. Similarly, the realization of latent heat storages through phase change materials is particularly attractive because it provides high energy density in addition to allowing for the storage of the heat of fusion at a (nearly) constant temperature. In this paper, we posit the challenge to couple a metal hydride H-2 canister with a latent heat storage, in order to improve the overall power density and realize a passive control of the system temperature. A highly flexible numerical solver based on a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Phase-Field (LB-PF) algorithm is developed to assist the design of the hybrid PCM-MH tank by studying the melting and solidification processes of paraffin-like materials. The present approach is used to model the storage of the heat released by the hydride during the H-2 loading process in a phase change material (PCM). The results in terms of Nusselt numbers are used to design an enhanced metal-hydride storage for H-2-based energy systems, relevant for a reliable and cost-effective "Hydrogen Economy". The application of the developed numerical model to the case study demonstrates the feasibility of the posited design. Specifically, the phase change material application significantly increases the heat flux at the metal hydride surface, thus improving the overall system power density.