International Initiative and Domestic Reforms: European Union Efforts to Combat Violence against Women
International Initiative and Domestic Reforms: European Union Efforts to Combat Violence against Women
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国际倡议和国内改革：欧盟打击暴力侵害妇女行为的努力
DOI：
10.1017/s1743923x0999016x
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Celeste Montoya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Celeste Montoya
自20世纪90年代以来，许多国家采取了旨在打击暴力侵害妇女行为的政策；然而，尽管政策得到广泛采用，但实际改革充其量也是参差不齐。在本文中，我分析了国际组织和跨国网络在促进妇女人权方面发挥的作用。在第一部分中，我研究了各国采取新政策的不同机制及其对实施前景的影响。我提出了一种新的模式，即伞式模式，它可以解释由地方能力有限的国家造成的政策与实践脱钩的问题。此外，我认为国际组织可以通过参与能力建设战略（例如资源分配和促进跨国网络）来改善国内实施的前景。在第二部分中，我将介绍欧盟及其为解决暴力侵害妇女行为所做的努力的实证研究。在政策采纳方面，我评估了其在政策推动方面的努力，然后对成员国和候选国的政策采纳情况进行了比较和汇总分析。为了解决欧盟的能力建设工作，我重点关注一项特殊举措，即达芙妮项目，它是欧盟解决性别暴力问题的主要机制。
Since the 1990s, many countries have adopted policies aimed at combating violence against women; however, despite widespread policy adoption, actual reform has been uneven at best. In this article, I analyze the role played by international organizations and transnational networks in promoting women's human rights. In the first section, I examine the different mechanisms by which states adopt new policies and the implications they have on prospects for implementation. I propose a new model, the umbrella pattern, that accounts for the decoupling of policy and practice caused by states with limited local capacity. In addition, I argue that international organizations can improve the prospects for domestic implementation by engaging in capacity-building strategies, such as resource distribution and the facilitation of transnational networks. In the second section, I present an empirical study of the European Union and its efforts to address violence against women. In regards to policy adoption, I evaluate its efforts at policy promotion and then provide a comparative and aggregate analysis of policy adoption in member and candidate states. To address EU capacity-building efforts, I focus on one particular initiative, the Daphne project, which is the EU's primary mechanism for addressing gender violence.