Intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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DOI：
10.1097/mog.0000000000000349
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Schnabl B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandl K;Schnabl B
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种在西方国家发病率很高的肝病。从NAFLD进展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）的发生率为10- 20%。NASH的发病机制是多因素的，包括遗传和环境因素。肠道微生物群参与疾病进展，其作用是复杂的。NASH与肠道微生物群的变化有关，尽管最近的研究结果不一致。生态失调会引发肠道炎症，损害肠道屏障。微生物产物现在可以到达肝脏，诱导肝脏炎症并促进NAFLD和NASH进展。由于肠道微生物群也参与代谢途径的调节，代谢组学方法在NASH患者中鉴定了独特的代谢组学谱。改变的代谢物模式可以作为生物标志物，而特定的代谢物（如乙醇）与疾病进展有关。改变代谢谱可能成为新的基于微生物组的方法。在这篇综述中，我们将突出的结果，从最近的文献重要的肠-肝轴。我们将主要关注NASH的人类研究。
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disease with high prevalence in western countries. Progression from NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) occurs in 10–20%. NASH pathogenesis is multifactorial including genetic and environmental factors. The gut microbiota is involved in disease progression and its role is complex. NASH is associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota, although findings in recent studies are inconsistent. Dysbiosis can trigger intestinal inflammation and impair the gut barrier. Microbial products can now reach the liver, induce hepatic inflammation and contribute to NAFLD and NASH progression. As the gut microbiota is also involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways, metabolomic approaches identified unique metabolomic profiles in patients with NASH. Altered metabolite patterns can serve as biomarkers, while specific metabolites (such as ethanol) have been linked with disease progression. Modifying metabolic profiles might serve as new microbiome-based approaches. In this review, we will highlight findings from the recent literature important to the gut-liver axis. We will predominantly focus on human studies with NASH.