Genomic study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-related ethnic group with significant ancient North Eurasian ancestry.
Genomic study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-related ethnic group with significant ancient North Eurasian ancestry.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep20768
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发表时间：
2016-02-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tatarinova TV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flegontov P;Changmai P;Zidkova A;Logacheva MD;Altınışık NE;Flegontova O;Gelfand MS;Gerasimov ES;Khrameeva EE;Konovalova OP;Neretina T;Nikolsky YV;Starostin G;Stepanova VV;Travinsky IV;Tříska M;Tříska P;Tatarinova TV
俄罗斯叶尼塞河流域的一个民族-克茨人被认为是西伯利亚最后的游牧狩猎采集者，而克茨语与任何语系都没有明显的联系。我们调查了凯尔特人与西伯利亚和北美人口之间的联系，重点是Mal'ta和古爱斯基摩人的古老基因组，使用来自46个无关的凯尔特人样本和42个邻近民族（Urban讲Urban的Nganasans，Enets和Selkups）样本的原始数据。我们对超过130，000个常染色体SNP进行了基因分型，鉴定了线粒体和Y染色体单倍群，并对两个Ket个体进行了高覆盖率的基因组测序。我们确定，Nganasans，Kets，Selkups和Yukaghirs形成了一个与西伯利亚古爱斯基摩人关系最密切的人群集群（不考虑楚科奇和堪察加的土著人群）。凯尔特人与现代塞尔库普人以及阿尔泰地区的一些青铜器和铁器时代的人口密切相关，所有这些群体都有很高的马尔塔血统。这些研究结果的语言假设团结成一个语言大家庭的Ket和Na-Dene语言的影响进行了讨论。
The Kets, an ethnic group in the Yenisei River basin, Russia, are considered the last nomadic hunter-gatherers of Siberia, and Ket language has no transparent affiliation with any language family. We investigated connections between the Kets and Siberian and North American populations, with emphasis on the Mal’ta and Paleo-Eskimo ancient genomes, using original data from 46 unrelated samples of Kets and 42 samples of their neighboring ethnic groups (Uralic-speaking Nganasans, Enets, and Selkups). We genotyped over 130,000 autosomal SNPs, identified mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal haplogroups, and performed high-coverage genome sequencing of two Ket individuals. We established that Nganasans, Kets, Selkups, and Yukaghirs form a cluster of populations most closely related to Paleo-Eskimos in Siberia (not considering indigenous populations of Chukotka and Kamchatka). Kets are closely related to modern Selkups and to some Bronze and Iron Age populations of the Altai region, with all these groups sharing a high degree of Mal’ta ancestry. Implications of these findings for the linguistic hypothesis uniting Ket and Na-Dene languages into a language macrofamily are discussed.