Fine structure of the epicuticular secretion coat and associated glands of Pedipalpi and Palpigradi (Arachnida)
Fine structure of the epicuticular secretion coat and associated glands of Pedipalpi and Palpigradi (Arachnida)
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触肢和触肢（蛛形纲）的表皮分泌层和相关腺体的精细结构
DOI：
10.1002/jmor.21360
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Wolff, Jonas O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seiter, Michael;Schwaha, Thomas;Ferreira, Rodrigo L.;Prendini, Lorenzo;Wolff, Jonas O.
短尾鞭蝎(Schizomida Petrunkevitch，1945)和鞭蝎(Thelyhonida Cambridge，1872)是蜘蛛纲中一个研究较少的分支。最近有研究表明，鞭蜘蛛在外骨骼上覆盖一层固体水泥层(覆盖层)，形成精细的微结构，并将角质层转变为超疏水状态。由于其精细的结构多样性，Amblypygid cerotegument提供了分类信息，但它在姐妹群中的存在和变异以前是未知的。本文报道了角质层的表面结构，以确定这些分类群是否具有坚固的表皮层分泌物。扫描电子显微镜显示，除Amblypygi外，仅有Thelyhonida的种类具有坚固的表皮层分泌层。与Amblypygi不同，在Thelyhonida中，这一层通常不形成微结构，并且不那么坚固地附着在下面的角质层上。一种Typopeltis Pocock，1894，它的球状结构类似于Amblypygid衣被，是一个例外。Amblypygi和Thelyhonida的腺体结构与骨水泥分泌物相关，由于结构相似，被认为是同源的。裂殖子缺乏坚固的表皮层分泌物，这被解释为继发性丢失，尽管存在裂隙状的腺孔似乎产生了这种表皮性分泌物。微鞭蝎目Paligradi Thorell，1900表现出明显不同的角质表面结构，缺乏固体的角质层分泌物，这与该目与足掌类关系不密切的假设一致。这些结果增强了人们对蜘蛛目神秘的小目的了解。
Pedipalpi Latreille, 1810 is a poorly studied clade of arachnids comprising the whip spiders (Amblypygi Thorell, 1883), short‐tailed whip scorpions (Schizomida Petrunkevitch, 1945) and whip scorpions (Thelyphonida Cambridge, 1872). It has recently been shown that whip spiders coat their exoskeleton with a solid cement layer (cerotegument) that forms elaborate microstructures and turns the cuticle into a super‐hydrophobic state. The amblypygid cerotegument provides taxonomic information due to its fine structural diversity, but its presence and variation in the sister groups was previously unknown. The present contribution reports the surface structure of the cuticle in species of Palpigradi, Thelyphonida, and Schizomida to determine if these taxa possess a solid epicuticular secretion coat. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that in addition to Amblypygi only species of Thelyphonida possess solid epicuticular secretion layers. Unlike in Amblypygi, in the Thelyphonida this layer does not usually form microstructures and is less rigidly attached to the underlying cuticle. A species ofTypopeltisPocock, 1894, which exhibited globular structures analogous to the amblypygid cerotegument, was an exception. Glandular structures associated with cement secretions in Amblypygi and Thelyphonida were considered homologous due to similar structure. Solid epicuticular secretion coats were absent from Schizomida, which is interpreted as a secondary loss despite the presence of slit‐like glandular openings that appear to produce such epicuticular secretions. The micro‐whip scorpion order Palpigradi Thorell, 1900 exhibited markedly different cuticular surface structures and lacked solid epicuticular secretions, consistent with the hypothesis that this order is not closely related to Pedipalpi. These results enhance the knowledge of the small, enigmatic orders of Arachnida.
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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Jonas O. Wolff;M. Seiter;S. Gorb
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