Geographical distribution and virulence phenotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat in Yunnan, China
Geographical distribution and virulence phenotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat in Yunnan, China
复制标题
条锈菌f的地理分布和毒力表型。
DOI：
10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2019.45.572
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Li, Mingju
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gad, Mohamed A.;Li, Haoxing;Li, Mingju
小麦条锈病是由条锈菌（Pucciniastriiformis）引起的一种危害性很大的病害，严重影响小麦的产量和品质。小麦条锈病样品调查和Yr单基因鉴别系生理小种鉴定对描述致病型变异和地理分布具有重要意义。在本研究中，在2017/2018年小麦生长季期间，从中国云南和四川省收集了125个条锈病菌株的86个小种。小种v1和v2分布较广，毒力频率分别为8.8%和8%。其余种族的频率较低，约为3%。86个小种可聚为两个主要的毒力簇：簇Ⅰ包括v29和v30两个小种，毒力谱相对较窄;簇Ⅱ包括另外84个小种，毒力谱较宽。在Pst群体中检测到Yr 1、Yr 2、Yr 6、Yr 7、Yr 8、Yr 9、Yr 11、Yr（17，29）、Yr 17、Yr 18、Yr 25、Yr 26、Yr 30、Yr 32、Yr A、Yr SK、Yr SP、Yr Su、Yr（8，19）、Yr（7，25）和Yr（10，莫尔）基因的高毒力频率（>73%）。Yr（2，HVII）和Yr（7，22，23）基因在Pst群体中的毒力频率为16-73%。未检测到对Yr 5和Yr 10基因有毒力的菌株。Yr 5、Yr 10、Yr 15和Yr 24四个基因被认为是有效基因。因此，监测对Yr基因的毒力分布和频率变化对于在特定地理区域生长的具有足够抗性的品种的选择和开发具有持久和高水平抗性的新品种是重要的。
Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis is a widespread and destructive disease of wheat, causing significant losses in yield and quality. Survey of wheat stripe rust samples and identification of physiological races using Yr single-gene differential lines are very important in describing virulence pattern variation and geographical distribution of rust pathotypes. In the present study, a total of 86 races characterized from 125 stripe rust isolates were collected from Yunnan and Sichuan provinces of China during the 2017/2018 wheat growing season. The races v1 and v2 were widely distributed with virulence frequency of 8.8 and 8%, respectively. The remaining races have a lower frequency ¶ 3%. The 86 races clustered into two major virulence clusters: cluster-I comprised two races v29 and v30 and had relatively narrow virulence spectra, while cluster-II involved other 84 races and had broad virulence spectra. High virulence frequencies of Pst population (>73%) were detected for Yr1, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr11, Yr(17,29), Yr17, Yr18, Yr25, Yr26, Yr30, Yr32, YrA, YrSK, YrSP, YrSu, Yr(8,19), Yr(7,25), and Yr(10,Mor) genes. Moderate virulence frequencies of Pst population (16–73%) were observed for Yr3, Yr27, Yr(2,HVII), and Yr(7,22,23) genes. No isolate was detected to be virulent to Yr5 and Yr10 genes. The four genes Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, and Yr24 were regarded as effective genes. Therefore, monitoring distribution and frequency changes of virulence toward the Yr genes is important for cultivar selection with adequate resistance for growing in specific geographic regions and for developing new cultivars with durable and a high-level resistance.